{"database": "deitydb", "table": "entities", "is_view": false, "human_description_en": "where entity_class = \"angel\" and tradition = \"Israelite/Second Temple\"", "rows": [["ENT_ISR_ANGEL_OF_DEATH", "Angel of Death", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Death angel", "Angelic Being", "death; destruction; divine judgment; mortality; psychopomp", null, "Biblical/rabbinic reception", null, "B", "needs_review", "Israelite/Second Temple death entity", 4, 1, 0, "Death-associated angelic figure; traditions vary and require source-specific review.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_ANGEL_PRESENCE", "Angel of the Presence", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Angel", "Angel of the Face", "the heavenly tablets; revelation to Moses", null, "Jewish", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Angel of the Face (Jubilees)", 0, 0, 0, "The Angel of the Presence who dictates the heavenly tablets to Moses on Sinai.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_GABRIEL", "Gabriel", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Angel", "Angelic Being", "angel; revelation; message; interpretation", null, "Second Temple/apocalyptic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Second Temple angelic entity", 0, 0, 0, "Angelic messenger and interpreter of visions.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_MICHAEL", "Michael", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Archangel/prince", "Angelic Being", "angel; protector; prince; warfare", null, "Second Temple/apocalyptic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Second Temple angelic entity", 1, 0, 0, "Archangel and heavenly prince associated with protection and warfare.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_NEPHILIM", "Nephilim", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "giant hybrid offspring of Watchers and human women", "Adversarial Being", "giants; hybrid corruption; primordial violence; antediluvian era; flood catalyst; forbidden offspring", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "The Nephilim (\"fallen ones\" or \"those who cause others to fall\" \u2014 etymology debated; possibly from Aramaic npl \"to fall\") are the giant hybrid offspring born of the union between the Watchers (Bene Elohim, \"Sons of God\") and human women as described in Genesis 6:1-4: \"The Nephilim were on the earth in those days \u2014 and also afterward \u2014 when the sons of God went in to the daughters of humans, who bore children to them. These were the heroes of old, warriors of renown.\" The Enochic tradition (1 Enoch 6-7) expands this genealogy: the 200 Watchers, led by Shemihazah, descended on Mount Hermon and took human wives; their offspring were giants 3,000 ells tall who \"consumed all the acquisitions of men\" and turned against humanity, devouring \"birds, beasts, reptiles, and fish\" and finally \"began to eat human flesh\" and \"drink the blood\" (1 Enoch 7:2-5). The Nephilim's violence and corruption is the proximate cause of God's decision to send the Flood. In Numbers 13:33, the Israelite spies report that the Anakim of Canaan are \"of Nephilim descent\" \u2014 establishing the Nephilim as a continuing category of terrifying giant-warriors in the Israelite imagination. In the Enochic cosmological system, the Nephilim's disembodied spirits become the evil spirits (shedim/demons) that afflict humanity after the Flood (1 Enoch 15:8-12): \"The spirits of the giants shall be like clouds, which shall oppress, corrupt, fall, contend, and bruise upon earth.\" This makes the Nephilim the progenitors of demonology in Second Temple thought \u2014 their disembodied spirits become the demons of the post-Flood world. Jubilees 5:1-10; 4Q531 (Book of Giants). Collins (2016) pp. 67-72; Nickelsburg (2001) pp. 191-211.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_PHANUEL", "Phanuel", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Archangel", "Angel of the Presence", "repentance; hope; warding off the satans", null, "Jewish", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Archangel (1 Enoch)", 0, 0, 0, "The fourth presence-angel, set over repentance and the hope of eternal life.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_PRINCE_LIGHT", "Prince of Light", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Angel", "Angelic prince", "light; truth; the rule of the Sons of Light", null, "Jewish", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Qumran angelic prince", 0, 0, 0, "The sar ha-or who rules the children of righteousness; identified with Michael.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_RAGUEL", "Raguel", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "archangel of vengeance and divine justice", "Angelic Being", "divine vengeance; justice; luminaries; cosmic order; punishment of transgression", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Raguel (\"Friend of God\" or \"Shepherd of God\") is one of the seven holy angels who stand before God in 1 Enoch 20:4: \"Raguel, one of the holy angels, who takes vengeance on the world of the luminaries.\" His domain is distinctive \u2014 he oversees the execution of divine vengeance specifically against the luminaries (sun, moon, stars) when they transgress their ordained courses, as described in the Astronomical Book of 1 Enoch (chs. 72-82). This gives him a unique cosmological function among the seven: while Michael protects the righteous and Raphael heals, Raguel enforces the moral-astronomical order of the cosmos itself. In the Book of Tobit (2:15 in the Sinaiticus text, though this is textually variant), a figure related to Raguel appears in the narrative context alongside Raphael, suggesting his name was current in Second Temple angelological speculation broadly. Raguel also appears in 1 Enoch 23:4 as a heavenly judge figure. In Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity (where 1 Enoch is canonical), Raguel is venerated as one of the seven archangels alongside Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, Sariel, and Remiel. He completes the seven-archangel council of 1 Enoch 20 alongside the four archangels already attested in the canonical Hebrew Bible and the Deuterocanon (Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel) and the two other 1 Enoch-specific figures (Remiel, Sariel). Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination (2016) pp. 79-82.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_RAPHAEL", "Raphael", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Angel", "Angelic Being", "angel; healing; guidance; protection", null, "Second Temple/apocalyptic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Second Temple angelic entity", 1, 0, 0, "Angel associated with healing, guidance, and protection.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_REMIEL", "Remiel", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "archangel of resurrection and souls of the dead", "Angelic Being", "resurrection; souls of the dead; hope; eschatology; divine mercy; afterlife", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Remiel (\"Thunder/Mercy of God\") is the seventh archangel in the council of 1 Enoch 20:8: \"Remiel, one of the holy angels, whom God set over those who rise.\" His specific domain is therefore the resurrection \u2014 he presides over the souls of the dead in their eschatological passage. In 2 Baruch 55:3 (Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch, c. 100 CE), Remiel is explicitly identified as the angel who presides over the souls of the dead, confirming the 1 Enoch 20 assignment. He appears in 1 Enoch 20 as \"Jeremiel\" in some manuscript traditions, and this variant appears in 4 Ezra 4:36 where Jeremiel/Remiel answers Ezra's question about how long it will be until the resurrection of the righteous. The identification of Remiel with Jeremiel in 4 Ezra and with the angel of resurrection across multiple Second Temple texts establishes him as one of the most functionally defined of the seven archangels \u2014 he has a specific eschatological role (presiding over the resurrection) that distinguishes him from the other six. In the Ethiopian Orthodox archangel veneration tradition, Remiel is venerated alongside the other six on specific feast days. Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination (2016) pp. 79-82; Nickelsburg, 1 Enoch 1 (Hermeneia, 2001) pp. 297-299.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_SARAQAEL", "Saraqael", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Archangel", "Holy watcher", "the spirits of erring souls", null, "Jewish", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Archangel (1 Enoch 20)", 0, 0, 0, "One of the seven holy angels, set over the spirits who sin in the spirit.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_SARIEL", "Sariel", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "archangel over spirits who transgress", "Angelic Being", "spirits; transgression; divine oversight; cosmic accountability; lunar course; Dead Sea Scrolls", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Sariel (also Saraqael, Suriel, Saraiel; \"Command/Prince of God\") is the sixth archangel in the council of 1 Enoch 20:6: \"Saraqael, one of the holy angels, who is set over the spirits, who sin in the spirit.\" His domain is the oversight of spirits who transgress \u2014 a category distinct from the Watchers (who are fallen angels proper) and the human dead (Remiel's domain): Sariel governs the intermediate category of sinning spirits who violate their divine mandate. Sariel appears prominently in the Dead Sea Scrolls: in the War Scroll (1QM 9:15-16), the four archangels Michael, Gabriel, Sariel, and Raphael are named on the shields of the four towers of the eschatological battle formation of the Sons of Light, making Sariel the fourth-named archangel in DSS angelology (where Uriel from Hebrew Bible tradition is replaced by Sariel). This DSS attestation is significant because the War Scroll represents a militarized, eschatological angelology that may pre-date or be roughly contemporary with the finalization of 1 Enoch. Sariel also appears in the Aramaic Levi Document and in Hekhalot literature. His domain over sinning spirits connects him to the tradition of spirit oversight that eventually develops into the guardian-angel and demon-accountancy theologies of rabbinic Judaism and early Christianity. Collins, The Apocalyptic Imagination (2016) pp. 79-82; Nickelsburg (2001) pp. 297-299.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_SHEMIHAZAH", "Shemihazah", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Watcher leader", "Fallen Angel", "watchers; descent; oath; forbidden knowledge", null, "Enochic/apocalyptic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Second Temple watcher entity", 2, 0, 0, "Shemihazah (also Semyaza, Samjaza; \"My name has seen\" or \"Name of God sees\") is the leader of the 200 Watchers (angelic beings) who, according to 1 Enoch 6-10, descended from heaven to the summit of Mount Hermon and took human wives. In 1 Enoch 6:3, Shemihazah is named as the ringleader: \"And Shemihazah, their chief, said to them: 'I fear you will not agree to do this deed, and only I will have to pay for this great sin.'\" Despite his hesitation, all 200 Watchers swear an oath and descend together. He is listed first among the 20 Watcher leaders named in 1 Enoch 6:7: \"Shemihazah, Arteqoph, Rametel, Kokabel, Ramel, Danel, Zeqiel, Baraqel, Asael, Hermoni, Matureq, Ananel, Sataoel, Shamshiel, Sahriel, Tummiel, Turiel, Yomioel, Sariel.\" Shemihazah's specific teaching is enchantments/spell-casting (1 Enoch 7:1), while the second-most prominent Watcher, Azazel, teaches metalwork and cosmetics. In 1 Enoch 10:11-12, Michael is commanded by God to bind Shemihazah for 70 generations: \"Go, Michael, bind Shemihazah and his company who have intermixed with women so as to have defiled themselves with them in all their uncleanness.\" He is to be bound under the hills of the earth until the Day of Judgment. Shemihazah has a parallel in the Ugaritic tradition (some scholars connect his name to Canaanite divine names), and his figure is preserved in the Dead Sea Scrolls' Book of Giants (4Q531), which elaborates the Watcher narrative with additional Aramaic material. He is distinct from his Jubilees counterpart, where the leader of the Watchers is called \"Mastema\" in a more developed demonological schema. Nickelsburg (2001) pp. 175-205.", "angel"], ["ENT_ISR_URIEL", "Uriel", null, "Israelite/Second Temple", "Angel", "Angelic Being", "angel; light; revelation; cosmic knowledge", null, "Second Temple/apocalyptic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Second Temple angelic entity", 0, 0, 0, "Angel associated with light, revelation, and cosmic knowledge.", "angel"]], "truncated": false, "filtered_table_rows_count": 14, "expanded_columns": [], "expandable_columns": [[{"column": "entity_class", "other_table": "entity_class", "other_column": "class_id"}, null]], "columns": ["entity_id", "canonical_name", "greek_name", "tradition", "entity_type", "category", "primary_domains", "tags", "cult_scope", "primary_period", "evidence_confidence", "review_status", "inclusion_basis", "earth_association_score", "chthonic_flag", "serpent_flag", "short_note", "entity_class"], "primary_keys": ["entity_id"], "units": {}, "query": {"sql": "select entity_id, canonical_name, greek_name, tradition, entity_type, category, primary_domains, tags, cult_scope, primary_period, evidence_confidence, review_status, inclusion_basis, earth_association_score, chthonic_flag, serpent_flag, short_note, entity_class from entities where \"entity_class\" = :p0 and \"tradition\" = :p1 order by entity_id limit 101", "params": {"p0": "angel", "p1": "Israelite/Second Temple"}}, "facet_results": {"entity_class": {"name": "entity_class", "type": "column", "hideable": false, "toggle_url": "/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple", "results": [{"value": "angel", "label": "angel", "count": 14, "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple", "selected": true}], "truncated": false}, "tradition": {"name": "tradition", "type": "column", "hideable": false, "toggle_url": "/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple", "results": [{"value": "Israelite/Second Temple", "label": "Israelite/Second Temple", "count": 14, "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel", "selected": true}], "truncated": false}}, "suggested_facets": [{"name": "entity_type", "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple&_facet=entity_type"}, {"name": "category", "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple&_facet=category"}, {"name": "cult_scope", "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple&_facet=cult_scope"}, {"name": "evidence_confidence", "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple&_facet=evidence_confidence"}, {"name": "review_status", "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple&_facet=review_status"}, {"name": "inclusion_basis", "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple&_facet=inclusion_basis"}, {"name": "earth_association_score", "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple&_facet=earth_association_score"}, {"name": "chthonic_flag", "toggle_url": "http://deitydb-explorer.fly.dev/deitydb/entities.json?entity_class=angel&tradition=Israelite%2FSecond+Temple&_facet=chthonic_flag"}], "next": null, "next_url": null, "private": false, "allow_execute_sql": true, "query_ms": 26.329301999794552, "source": "jebboone/deitydb", "source_url": "https://github.com/jebboone/deitydb", "license": "MIT", "license_url": "https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT"}