{"database": "deitydb", "table": "entities", "is_view": false, "human_description_en": "where entity_class = \"deity\"", "rows": [["ENT_ACHELOOS", "Acheloos", null, "Greek", "River god/Potamos", "River Deity", "river; freshwater; local geography", "potamos;freshwater;local cult potential", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Named river-god/Potamos; some rows may need place disambiguation.", "deity"], ["ENT_ACHELOUS_MINOR", "Achelous Minor", null, "Greek", "River god/Potamos", "River Deity", "river; freshwater; local geography", "potamos;freshwater;local cult potential", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Named river-god/Potamos; some rows may need place disambiguation.", "deity"], ["ENT_ACHERON", "Acheron", null, "Greek", "Underworld river god", "Underworld Place", "underworld river; pain", "chthonic;river", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 5, 1, 0, "Chthonic, underworld, or local cult seed entity.", "deity"], ["ENT_ACHERON_RIVER", "Acheron River", null, "Greek", "River god/Potamos", "River Deity", "river; freshwater; local geography", "potamos;freshwater;local cult potential", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Named river-god/Potamos; some rows may need place disambiguation.", "deity"], ["ENT_ADONIS", "Adonis", null, "Greek", "Vegetation deity", "Fertility Deity", "vegetation; lamentation rites", "near eastern;vegetation", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Seed entity included for local, imported, rustic, mystery, or apotheosis comparanda.", "deity"], ["ENT_AEACUS", "Aeacus", null, "Greek", "Underworld judge", "Underworld Judge", "judge of dead", "hero;underworld", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 3, 1, 0, "Chthonic, underworld, or local cult seed entity.", "deity"], ["ENT_AEOLUS", "Aeolus", null, "Greek", "Keeper of winds", "Wind Spirit", "winds; storm control; weather", null, "Mythic", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Greek wind figure", 0, 0, 0, "Keeper or ruler of winds in mythic tradition.", "deity"], ["ENT_AESAR", "Aesar", null, "Greek", "River god/Potamos", "River Deity", "river; freshwater; local geography", "potamos;freshwater;local cult potential", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Named river-god/Potamos; some rows may need place disambiguation.", "deity"], ["ENT_AESEPUS", "Aesepus", null, "Greek", "River god/Potamos", "River Deity", "river; freshwater; local geography", "potamos;freshwater;local cult potential", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Named river-god/Potamos; some rows may need place disambiguation.", "deity"], ["ENT_AETHER", "Aether", null, "Greek", "Protogenos/Primordial", "Primordial Power", "upper air", "protogenos;air", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 0, 0, 0, "Seed entity from primordial/cosmic Greek categories.", "deity"], ["ENT_AGLAIA", "Aglaia", null, "Greek", "Grace goddess", "Grace Deity", "beauty; splendor; grace; charm", null, "Mythic/cultic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Greek grace goddess", 1, 0, 0, "One of the Charites, associated with splendor and beauty.", "deity"], ["ENT_AKS_BEHER", "Beher", null, "Aksumite", "Deity", "Deity", "sea; water; land", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Aksumite god of the sea (later 'land/country'), named in Ezana's triad; in the Greek version the maritime deity corresponds to Poseidon.", "deity"], ["ENT_AKS_MAHREM", "Mahrem", null, "Aksumite", "War deity", "Deity", "war; sovereignty; protection; royal patron", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Chief god and divine ancestor of the Aksumite kings, 'invincible to the enemy'; Ezana's Greek inscription equates him with Ares and styles the king 'son of Mahrem'.", "deity"], ["ENT_AKS_MEDR", "Medr", null, "Aksumite", "Deity", "Deity", "earth; fertility", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Aksumite earth god (Ge\u02bfez medr = 'earth/land'), the third member of Ezana's pre-Christian triad, aligned with the Greek earth deity.", "deity"], ["ENT_ALPHEUS", "Alpheus", null, "Greek", "River god/Potamos", "River Deity", "river; freshwater; local geography", "potamos;freshwater;local cult potential", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Named river-god/Potamos; some rows may need place disambiguation.", "deity"], ["ENT_ALW_MUHAMMAD", "Muhammad (the Ism / Name)", null, "Alawite", "Divine manifestation", "Divine manifestation", "name,veil,manifestation", null, "devotional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Attested: Muhammad is the Ism (Name) and the hijab/veil through which the Ma'na is manifested. Same person as the Prophet ENT_ISL_MUHAMMAD, theologically subordinated to Ali in Nusayri doctrine (homonym).", "deity"], ["ENT_ALW_SALMAN", "Salman (the Bab / Gate)", null, "Alawite", "Divine manifestation", "Divine manifestation", "gate,mediation,initiation", null, "devotional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Attested: Salman al-Farisi is the Bab (Gate), the mediating gateway who transmits knowledge of the Ma'na. Same person as ENT_ISL_SALMAN, Companion of the Prophet (homonym).", "deity"], ["ENT_AMM_MILKOM", "Milkom", null, "Ammonite", "National deity", "War Deity", "national sovereignty; war; kingship; Ammon", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "National deity of the Ammonites; also spelled Milcom, Malcam. Name from Proto-Semitic *mlk (king); the deity's name literally means \"the King.\" Primary attestation in the Hebrew Bible: 1 Kings 11:5,33 record Solomon building a high place for Milkom \"the abomination of the Ammonites\"; 2 Kings 23:13 records Josiah's destruction of that high place; Jeremiah 49:1,3 asks \"Why has Milkom dispossessed Gad?\" and announces Milkom's exile; Zephaniah 1:5 condemns those who swear by Milkom. The Tell Siran bottle inscription (c. 600 BCE; from Amman) and Ammonite personal names with theophoric Milkom elements (*mlkm, *mlky) confirm the deity's prominence in the Ammonite royal cult. The identification of Milkom with Molech (the deity associated with child sacrifice in Leviticus 18:21 etc.) is debated; most contemporary scholars treat them as distinct, though both derive from *mlk. Cross (1973) p. 228; DDD Bible, \"Milcom\" entry.", "deity"], ["ENT_ANANKE", "Ananke", null, "Greek", "Protogenos/Primordial", "Primordial Power", "necessity; fate", "protogenos;fate", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 0, 0, 0, "Seed entity from primordial/cosmic Greek categories.", "deity"], ["ENT_ANYTUS", "Anytus", null, "Greek", "Curete/guardian", "Protective Spirit", "guardian of Despoina", "guardian;local cult", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 3, 0, 0, "Seed entity included for local, imported, rustic, mystery, or apotheosis comparanda.", "deity"], ["ENT_APHRODITE", "Aphrodite", null, "Greek", "Olympian goddess", "Olympian", "love; beauty; fertility", "olympian", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 1, 0, 0, "Major or widely attested Greek religious/mythological entity.", "deity"], ["ENT_APOLLO", "Apollo", null, "Greek", "Olympian god", "Olympian", "prophecy; music; healing; purification", "olympian;oracle", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 0, 0, 0, "Major or widely attested Greek religious/mythological entity.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARAB_MANAF", "Man\u0101f", null, "Pre-Islamic Arabian", "Deity", "Deity", "tribal patron; honour; high status", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Meccan deity whose name survives in the Quraysh name \u02bfAbd Manaf; listed among the gods of Mecca in Ibn al-Kalbi.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARAB_NUHM", "Nuhm", null, "Pre-Islamic Arabian", "Deity", "Deity", "tribal patron; protection", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Deity of the Muzayna tribe whose name survives in the theophoric \u02bfAbd Nuhm; listed in Ibn al-Kalbi.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARAB_SUWA", "Suw\u0101\u02bf", null, "Pre-Islamic Arabian", "Deity", "Deity", "antediluvian idol; tribal patron", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "One of the five antediluvian idols of Qur\u02bean 71:23; later the idol of the Hudhayl tribe at Ruhat per Ibn al-Kalbi.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARAB_YAUQ", "Ya\u02bf\u016bq", null, "Pre-Islamic Arabian", "Deity", "Deity", "antediluvian idol; tribal patron; protection", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "One of the five antediluvian idols of Qur\u02bean 71:23 ('the preventer/protector'); horse-formed idol of Hamdan at Khaywan in Yemen per Ibn al-Kalbi.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_ALLAT", "Al-Lat", null, "Pre-Islamic Arabian", "sun and fertility goddess", "High Deity", "sun; fertility; motherhood; war; protection; north Arabia; Herodotus Alilat", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Major north Arabian and Nabataean goddess; one of the three \"Daughters of Allah\" named in Quran 53:19; worshipped from the Sinai to Palmyra and throughout north Arabia; Herodotus 3.8 (c. 450 BCE) calls her \"Alilat\" and identifies her with Aphrodite Urania; her great sanctuary was at Ta'if; associated with the sun and fertility; depicted with a lion at Palmyra and Petra; an early and widespread figure in the Arabian religious landscape", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_ALLAT_PALMYRA", "Allat of Palmyra", null, "Aramean", "Goddess", "War Deity", "war; protection", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Arab goddess worshipped at Palmyra in her own sanctuary, assimilated to armed Athena, attested in Palmyrene and bilingual dedications.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_AL_UZZA", "Al-Uzza", null, "Pre-Islamic Arabian", "Venus / morning star goddess", "Love Deity", "Venus (morning star); love; war; protection; strength; fertility; Nabataean queenship", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "North Arabian and Nabataean goddess; one of the three \"Daughters of Allah\" named in Quran 53:19-20; \"the most mighty\" or \"the strong one\"; associated with the planet Venus (morning star) and with Aphrodite in Greek contexts; her principal sanctuary was at Nakhla between Mecca and Ta'if; also worshipped at Petra; closely related to the Canaanite/Phoenician Astarte and Mesopotamian Ishtar Venus-goddess tradition; she was the most important of the three \"Daughters\" in the Hijaz", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_ATARGATIS", "Atargatis", null, "Aramean", "great Syrian goddess / fish goddess", "Love Deity", "love; fertility; sovereignty; sea and fish; divine queenship; war; prophecy", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Atargatis (\"the Syrian Goddess,\" Greek Dea Syria; Aramaic Atar-ata or \u02bfAtar-\u02bfAte) is the most influential Aramean deity in the broader Mediterranean world and the principal goddess of the Syrian religious tradition. Her main cult center was the great temple complex at Hierapolis-Bambyce (modern Manbij, northern Syria), which Lucian of Samosata describes in detail in De Dea Syria (c. 150 CE): a monumental temple with sacred fish-pools where fish were never caught but fed by hand, sacred doves, a golden statue of Atargatis enthroned between lions (her cult animal), surrounded by divine effigies of other deities, and served by hundreds of priests including the castrated galli who performed ecstatic self-mutilation at festivals. Her theonym is a compressed form of two divine names: Atar (= Aramaic form of Astarte, the Semitic love/war goddess) + Ata/Ate (= possibly \"Anat,\" the Ugaritic war goddess, making Atargatis a fusion of both female divine powers). She is a \"panthea\" \u2014 a many-in-one all-goddess who encompasses love, fertility, sovereignty, war, and prophecy in a single figure. Her cult spread dramatically across the Hellenistic world through Syrian merchant communities: major temples on Delos (the Atargateion, 2nd c. BCE), in Athens, and in Rome (the Galli priests's festivals were observed in Rome). She is typically depicted enthroned, wearing a turreted crown and holding a scepter, with lions flanking her throne and fish at her feet. Lucian De Dea Syria (\u00a7\u00a71-60) is the fullest primary source; Lipi\u0144ski (2000) pp. 589-610.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_BAALSHAMIN", "Baalshamin", null, "Aramean", "Lord of Heaven / sky and storm deity", "High Deity", "sky; storm; rain; cosmic sovereignty; divine protection; weather", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Baalshamin (\"Lord of Heaven,\" Aramaic Ba\u02bfal-\u0161amayim; Greek Zeus Baalshamin) is one of the most widely attested deities of the ancient Semitic world and the dominant sky deity of the Aramean and Palmyrene traditions. As \"Lord of Heaven\" he presides over the cosmic sky, rain, and storm functions, and his name became nearly a theological title for the supreme divine sovereign of the heavens across Aramaic-speaking communities from Phoenicia to Arabia. His earliest significant attestation is the Aramaic inscription of Zakkur, King of Hamath (c. 800 BCE), in which Baalshamin promises victory to Zakkur over the coalition of kings besieging him \u2014 structurally parallel to Khaldi's role in Urartian royal ideology. He had a major sanctuary at Si' (in the Hauran region of southern Syria, extensive Nabataean inscriptions) and one of the two principal temples at Palmyra (the Baalshamin temple, dedicated 131 CE, well-preserved until its destruction by ISIL in August 2015). Greek-Palmyrene bilingual inscriptions consistently render \"Baalshamin\" as \"Zeus,\" confirming the ancient interpretatio graeca. In the Book of Daniel (2nd c. BCE), \"Baal Shamayim\" (\"Lord of the Heavens\") is used as an ironic term for the Seleucid deity Olympian Zeus installed in the Jerusalem Temple \u2014 the \"abomination of desolation\" (Daniel 9:27, 11:31), preserving the Aramaic theonym in a polemical Jewish source. Lipi\u0144ski (2000) pp. 577-588; Kaizer (2002) pp. 60-85.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_BEL_PALMYRA", "Bel of Palmyra", null, "Aramean", "God", "Sovereignty Deity", "sovereignty; sky; cosmic order", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Head of the Palmyrene pantheon, worshipped in the great Temple of Bel (dedicated 32 CE); a Bel form assimilated to Babylonian Bel-Marduk, heading the astral triad with Yarhibol and Aglibol.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_DUSHARA", "Dushara", null, "Pre-Islamic Arabian", "chief deity of the Nabataeans / sky and mountain god", "High Deity", "divine supremacy; mountain; sky; sun; royal patronage; fertility; Nabataean kingdom; aniconic baetyl cult", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Chief deity of the Nabataean kingdom (Petra; 4th c. BCE - 106 CE); \"Lord of the Mountain\" (Dhu al-Shara = \"he of the Shara mountains\"); his aniconic form was a black stone (baetyl); identified with Dionysus by Greek and Roman authors, and with Zeus by others; his cult was carried throughout the Nabataean diaspora to the Hauran, Egypt, and Rome; Healey (2001) documents him as the paradigm Nabataean deity whose Dionysus identification shaped Greek understanding of Arabian religion", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_HADAD_DAMASCUS", "Hadad of Damascus", null, "Aramean", "storm deity / national god of Aram-Damascus", "Thunder Deity", "storm; thunder; rain; royal victory; national sovereignty; war", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Hadad of Damascus (Aramaic Hadad, \"thunderer\"; theonym related to Ugaritic Haddu/Hadad, the proper name of Canaanite Baal) is the chief deity of Aram-Damascus, the most powerful of the Iron Age Aramean kingdoms (capital at Damascus, modern Syrian capital; the kingdom dominated Syria from c. 900 to 732 BCE). He is the Aramean national storm deity, directly continuous with the Canaanite Baal Hadad tradition but now serving as the divine patron of the Aramean state rather than the Canaanite city-states of the Bronze Age. His attestations include: the Aramaic Zakkur stele (c. 800 BCE, which invokes Baalshamin alongside Hadad's successors), the Melqart stele from Aleppo (c. 870 BCE, dedicated by Ben-Hadad of Damascus, naming Hadad and Melqart), the Tel Dan stele (c. 840 BCE, recording a victory of Hazael of Damascus citing divine favor), and repeated Old Testament references to the kings of Damascus bearing the divine name: Ben-Hadad I, II, III (\"son of Hadad\"), Hazael (whose name may invoke Hadad), and Hadadezer (\"Hadad is my helper,\" 2 Samuel 8:3). The name \"Hadad-Rimmon\" in Zechariah 12:11 and the Assyrian practice of deporting the cult statue of \"Hadad of Damascus\" after the conquest of 732 BCE (Tiglath-Pileser III's annals) both confirm his central status. Lipi\u0144ski (2000) pp. 567-577.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_HUBAL", "Hubal", null, "Pre-Islamic Arabian", "Chief deity / Moon god", "High Deity", "chief deity; moon; tribal sovereignty; Mecca; Kaaba; pre-Islamic Arabian pantheon", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Chief deity of the Kaaba sanctuary at Mecca before Islam; his idol (a human figure in red carnelian or gold, with a golden right hand) stood inside the Kaaba; divination by arrows was performed before him; described in Ibn al-Kalbi's Kitab al-Asnam (Book of Idols) as the supreme deity of the Quraysh tribe and of Mecca; associated by some scholars with the moon deity tradition transmitted from Mesopotamian Nanna/Sin via Levantine cultures; the deity Muhammad's grandfather Abd al-Muttalib pledged his son in a vow before", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_KUBABA", "Kubaba of Carchemish", null, "Luwian", "City god", "Tutelary Deity", "protection; sovereignty", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Tutelary goddess of Carchemish, a leading deity of the Syro-Hittite/Luwian (Neo-Hittite) world, attested in Luwian hieroglyphic and Aramaic inscriptions (and earlier as a Syrian goddess at 3rd-millennium Kish/Mari). Sometimes argued to underlie Anatolian Kybele, though the derivation is debated and phonologically contested.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_MANAT", "Manat", null, "Pre-Islamic Arabian", "goddess of fate and death", "Underworld Deity", "fate; destiny; death; moon; time; inevitable end; tribal oaths", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "North Arabian goddess of fate and death; one of the three \"Daughters of Allah\" named in Quran 53:20; \"the one who apportions\"; her sanctuary was at al-Mushallal near Qudayd on the Red Sea coast; associated with the moon and with the inevitable destiny of death; identified with Nemesis or Tyche in Greek contexts; particularly venerated by the tribes of Aws and Khazraj (the Medinan tribes); the oldest of the three \"Daughters\" in some traditions", "deity"], ["ENT_ARA_RAKIB_EL", "Rakib-El", null, "Aramean", "Dynastic god", "Sovereignty Deity", "kingship; dynastic protection", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Early-antiquity fringe completion (v1.67.0)", 0, 0, 0, "'Charioteer of El', tutelary dynastic god of the kings of Sam\u02beal/Zincirli, named in the 8th-c. BCE Hadad, Panamuwa and Kilamuwa inscriptions.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARES", "Ares", null, "Greek", "Olympian god", "Olympian", "war; battle fury", "olympian", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 0, 0, 0, "Major or widely attested Greek religious/mythological entity.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARM_ANAHIT", "Anahit", null, "Armenian", "goddess of fertility, love, and war", "Fertility Deity", "fertility; love; purity; war; water; national sovereignty; the Armenian people", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "The most beloved deity of the Armenian pantheon and the most widely attested. Daughter of Aramazd. Name derived from Zoroastrian Anahita (Avestan: Ar\u0259dv\u012b S\u016br\u0101 An\u0101hit\u0101) via regular sound change. Strabo (Geography XI.14.16) describes her magnificent gold cult statue at the temple at Erez (Ashtishat) \u2014 so rich that Roman soldiers melted it for gold after Antony's campaign in 36 BCE. Agathangelos (\u00a722) equates her with Artemis: \"Anahit, who is called Artemis among the Greeks; she is the glory of our nation and vivifier... mother of all chastity, benefactress of the whole human race.\" Kings of the Artaxiad and Arsacid dynasties used the epithet \"Anahit the Golden\" (\u0578\u057d\u056f\u056b \u0531\u0576\u0561\u0570\u056b\u057f). She combines domains that in Zoroastrian theology belong to Anahita (water, fertility, war-victory) with Hellenistic characteristics of Artemis (virginity, hunting) and Aphrodite (love, beauty) \u2014 the widest functional range of any Armenian deity. Russell (1987) pp. 121-250; Agathangelos \u00a722; Khorenatsi I.14.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARM_ARAMAZD", "Aramazd", null, "Armenian", "supreme deity / sky father", "High Deity", "sky; creator; father of gods; fertility; rain; thunder", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Supreme deity of the pre-Christian Armenian pantheon; father of the gods. Name derived directly from Ahura Mazda (Avestan: Ahura Mazd\u0101 \u2192 Armenian: Aramazd) via regular sound change, establishing the direct Zoroastrian origin. Agathangelos (\u00a722) equates Aramazd with Zeus: \"Aramazd, who is called Zeus among the Greeks.\" Khorenatsi (II.12-14) describes his cult at Ani and Bagaran, where the Artaxiad kings renewed their oaths to him at the new year. His principal temple was at Ashtishat on the Euphrates. Aramazd is the creator of heaven and earth, father of Anahit, Vahagn, and Nane. He is associated with fertility and agricultural abundance \u2014 Agathangelos \u00a722 says his cult included prayers for the fertility of the land. Unlike Ahura Mazda, who is primarily a deity of cosmic order (asha), Aramazd in Armenian sources is more prominently a sky-father and genealogical head of the divine family, reflecting Hellenistic influence. Russell (1987) pp. 78-120; Agathangelos \u00a722; Khorenatsi II.12.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARM_ASTGHIK", "Astghik", null, "Armenian", "goddess of love and water", "Love Deity", "love; beauty; water; stars; fertility; night; roses", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Goddess of love, beauty, and water; companion of Vahagn. The name Astghik means \"little star\" in Armenian (astgh = star). Khorenatsi (I.15) describes her cult at Ashtishat (literally \"city of Ashtart\" \u2014 the place name derives from Astghik/Ashtart, revealing the Semitic Astarte layer beneath the Iranian-Armenian tradition). Agathangelos (\u00a722) equates her with Aphrodite. Armenian folk tradition preserves the Vardavar festival (originally a water-pouring celebration of Astghik, later Christianized as the Feast of the Transfiguration) in which celebrants pour water on each other and release doves \u2014 the dove and rose being Astghik's symbols. She is the Armenian reception of the widespread Near Eastern love goddess (Ishtar/Inanna \u2192 Astarte \u2192 Astghik), shaped by the Iranian environment of the Armenian highlands. Russell (1987) pp. 340-380; Khorenatsi I.15; Agathangelos \u00a722.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARM_NANE", "Nane", null, "Armenian", "goddess of war and motherhood", "War Deity", "war; motherhood; wisdom; protection; weaving; divine justice", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Goddess of war and motherhood; daughter of Aramazd. Agathangelos (\u00a722) explicitly equates Nane with Athena: \"Nane, the daughter of Aramazd, who is called Athena among the Greeks; she is the mother of virtues, the teacher of virtue, who bestows wisdom and valor.\" Her temple was at Tili\u0113. The name Nane connects with the Mesopotamian mother goddess Nana (Sumerian Nanna; also the name of a minor Zoroastrian deity) and may represent a survival of the pre-Iranian Anatolian divine mother tradition in Armenia. In Agathangelos she is the only female deity besides Anahit, taking the martial-wisdom domain while Anahit holds fertility-love-war. The pairing Aramazd-Anahit-Nane as father and two daughters is a defining feature of the Armenian divine family. Russell (1987) pp. 322-340; Agathangelos \u00a722; Khorenatsi II.12.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARM_TIR", "Tir", null, "Armenian", "god of writing, wisdom, and dreams", "Wisdom Deity", "writing; wisdom; arts; dreams; scribal craft; knowledge; records", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Deity of writing, wisdom, and the arts; scribe of Aramazd and reader of souls. Agathangelos (\u00a722) explicitly equates Tir with Hermes: \"Tir, whom they call the scribe of Aramazd, who is called Hermes by the Greeks and Apollo by others; he who is the interpreter of dreams and the teacher of the arts of writing, who records human deeds.\" His temple was at Artashat, the Artaxiad capital. Tir's function as recorder of human deeds and interpreter of dreams reflects Iranian Tishtrya (the star Sirius, deity of rain and fate) and Mesopotamian scribal deities; his identification with Hermes-Mercury reflects the Hellenistic layer. The name Tir may derive from Avestan Tishtrya or from a Parthian intermediary. His dual identification with Hermes and Apollo in Agathangelos reflects the breadth of his scribal-artistic-prophetic domain. Russell (1987) pp. 380-440; Agathangelos \u00a722.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARM_VAHAGN", "Vahagn", null, "Armenian", "war deity / dragon-slayer", "War Deity", "war; fire; lightning; dragon-slaying; victory; courage; vitality", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "War deity and dragon-slayer of the Armenian pantheon; son of Aramazd. Name derived from Zoroastrian Verethragna (god of victory, smiter of evil, dragon-slayer) via Parthian Wahr\u0101gn. Khorenatsi (I.31) preserves the famous Vahagn birth hymn, the oldest surviving Armenian poem: \"In travail were heaven and earth, / In travail, too, the purple sea! / The travail held in the sea the small red reed. / Through the hollow of the reed came forth smoke, / Through the hollow of the reed came forth flame, / And out of the flame ran a youth. / He had hair of fire, he had a beard of flame, / And his eyes were as suns.\" Agathangelos (\u00a722) equates Vahagn with Heracles at his temple in Ashtishat and credits him with destroying a monster. He is associated with fire, the sun, and the primal vitality of the warrior. In the Artaxiad period his cult was primary at the same Ashtishat complex as Aramazd and Anahit. Russell (1987) pp. 443-500; Khorenatsi I.31; Agathangelos \u00a722.", "deity"], ["ENT_ARTEMIS", "Artemis", null, "Greek", "Olympian goddess", "Olympian", "hunting; wilderness; childbirth", "olympian;wilderness", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 3, 0, 0, "Major or widely attested Greek religious/mythological entity.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASOPUS", "Asopus", null, "Greek", "River god/Potamos", "River Deity", "river; freshwater; local geography", "potamos;freshwater;local cult potential", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Named river-god/Potamos; some rows may need place disambiguation.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASTERIA", "Asteria", null, "Greek", "Titan/Titaness", "Titan", "stars; night prophecy", "titan;celestial", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 1, 0, 0, "Titanic generation or associated figure.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASTRAEUS", "Astraeus", null, "Greek", "Titan/Titaness", "Titan", "stars; winds", "titan;celestial", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 1, 0, 0, "Titanic generation or associated figure.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_EOSTRE", "Eostre", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "dawn/spring goddess", "dawn, spring, renewal", null, "devotional", null, "C", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Dawn/spring goddess named by Bede as eponym of the month Eosturmonath, from which English Easter derives; sole near-contemporary attestation.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_ERCE", "Erce", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "earth-mother goddess", "earth, fertility of the fields", null, "devotional", null, "C", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Earth-mother addressed as 'Erce, eorthan modor' in the Old English Aecerbot (field-remedy) charm.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_FRIGE", "Frige", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "mother/sovereign goddess", "marriage, household, fertility", null, "devotional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Goddess attested in the weekday Frigedaeg (Friday). Old English cognate of Norse Frigg.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_HREDA", "Hreda", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "goddess", "victory, glory, the early-spring month", null, "devotional", null, "C", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Goddess named by Bede as eponym of the month Hredmonath (roughly March); known only from that passage.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_ING", "Ing", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "fertility deity", "fertility, peace, ancestry", null, "devotional", null, "C", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Ing/Ingui, eponym of the Ingaevones, named in the Old English Rune Poem; cognate of Norse Freyr (Yngvi-Freyr).", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_SEAXNEAT", "Seaxneat", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "ancestral/tribal deity", "kingship, tribal ancestry", null, "devotional", null, "C", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Divine ancestor heading the East Saxon royal genealogy; cognate of Continental Saxon Saxnot in the Old Saxon Baptismal Vow.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_THUNOR", "Thunor", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "thunder deity", "thunder, sky, protection", null, "devotional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Thunder-god attested in place-names (Thunderfield, Thundersley) and the weekday Thunresdaeg. Old English cognate of Norse Thor.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_TIW", "Tiw", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "war/sky deity", "war, law, the sky", null, "devotional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "War-god attested in place-names (Tysoe, Tuesley) and the weekday Tiwesdaeg. Old English cognate of Norse Tyr.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_WODEN", "Woden", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "sky/sovereign deity", "war, wisdom, kingship, the dead", null, "devotional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Chief god; head of most Anglo-Saxon royal genealogies (West Saxon, Mercian lines) and named in the Nine Herbs Charm. Old English cognate of Norse Odin.", "deity"], ["ENT_ASX_WULDOR", "Wuldor", null, "Anglo-Saxon", "deity", "deity", "glory, splendour", null, "devotional", null, "C", "candidate_verified_name", "Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release)", 0, 0, 0, "Glory-god inferred from the noun wuldor and place-names; Old English cognate of Norse Ullr.", "deity"], ["ENT_ATHENA", "Athena", null, "Greek", "Olympian goddess", "Olympian", "wisdom; warcraft; city protection", "olympian;major cult", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 0, 0, 0, "Major or widely attested Greek religious/mythological entity.", "deity"], ["ENT_ATLAS", "Atlas", null, "Greek", "Titan/Titaness", "Titan", "sky-bearing; endurance", "titan;cosmic", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 1, 0, 0, "Titanic generation or associated figure.", "deity"], ["ENT_ATROPOS", "Atropos", null, "Greek", "Fate goddess", "Fate Deity", "inevitability; death; fate; cutting thread", null, "Mythic/cultic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Greek fate goddess", 3, 1, 0, "One of the Moirai; cutter of the thread.", "deity"], ["ENT_ATTIS", "Attis", null, "Phrygian", "vegetation deity / dying-and-rising consort", "Nature Deity", "vegetation; death and return; self-castration; pine tree; spring mourning; mystery cult; resurrection", "imported;vegetation", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Attis is the Phrygian vegetation deity whose myth of self-castration, death, and resurrection formed the theological core of the Cybele mystery cult as it spread through the Hellenistic world and Rome. His myth survives in several variant versions: in the Pessinuntine version (Pausanias 7.17.9-12; Arnobius, Adversus Nationes 5.5-7), Attis emanates from the almond tree that grew from the blood of the castrated Agdistis, is loved by Agdistis, and in a fit of divine madness self-castrates under a pine tree and dies; Agdistis, in grief, persuades Zeus to grant Attis a form of resurrection \u2014 his hair continues to grow and his little finger moves. The pine tree under which he died became sacred to him. Catullus Poem 63 (the most vivid Latin literary treatment) dramatizes the ecstatic self-castration of an Attis-follower who becomes a Gallus (castrated priest of Cybele). The annual Roman festival cycle commemorating Attis (March 15-27) enacted his myth: the Day of the Arriving Reed (Canna Intrat), the Day of the Arriving Tree (Arbor Intrat \u2014 a pine tree carried in procession), the Day of Blood (Sanguem, March 24 \u2014 the Galli's ritual self-cutting), and the Day of Joy (Hilaria, March 25 \u2014 celebrating the resurrection). The importation of the Cybele-Attis cult to Rome in 204 BCE (the Magna Mater stone from Pessinus) brought Attis to the Roman world; Claudius formalized the full festival cycle. Attis represents the dying-and-rising deity archetype in Phrygian religion, paralleled structurally by Dionysus and Osiris in the Greek and Egyptian traditions. Vermaseren (1977) is the standard monograph; Roller (1999) pp. 139-165.", "deity"], ["ENT_AUXO", "Auxo", null, "Greek", "Hora/seasonal goddess", "Seasonal Deity", "growth; increase; vegetation; seasonal abundance", null, "Mythic/cultic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Greek seasonal goddess", 4, 0, 0, "One of the Horae, associated with growth and increase.", "deity"], ["ENT_AXIUS", "Axius", null, "Greek", "River god/Potamos", "River Deity", "river; freshwater; local geography", "potamos;freshwater;local cult potential", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Named river-god/Potamos; some rows may need place disambiguation.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_AUSRINE", "Au\u0161rin\u0117 / Auseklis", null, "Baltic", "Goddess", "Morning-star deity", "the morning star (Venus); dawn; light", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "European regional polytheism deepening (v1.77.0)", 0, 0, 0, "The morning star personified, Lithuanian Au\u0161rin\u0117 (a goddess, daughter of the sun Saul\u0117) and Latvian Auseklis (a male morning-star figure of the daina songs).", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_BANGPUTYS", "Bangp\u016btys", null, "Baltic", "God", "Sea / storm god", "sea; storms; waves; wind", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "European regional polytheism deepening (v1.77.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Lithuanian god of the sea and storm winds, the 'wave-blower' who raises the waves and is appeased by Baltic-coast fishermen.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_DIEVAS", "Dievas", null, "Baltic", "sky god", "Creator Deity", "sky; sovereignty; cosmic order; divine society", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Supreme sky god of the Baltic tradition; Lithuanian Dievas, Latvian Dievs. The name is cognate with Proto-Indo-European *Dy\u0113us (Greek Zeus, Latin Deus), preserving the ancient sky-father typology. Dievas is portrayed in Lithuanian folk songs (dainos) as a farmer-king who works the sky-fields, wears a silver coat and golden belt, and descends to earth on a grey horse; he embodies cosmic and social order. In the mythological narrative cycle, Dievas and Velnias are complementary opposites: Dievas governs the upper sky-world while Velnias rules the chthonic realm; Perk\u016bnas mediates by enforcing sky-world order. Gimbutas (1963) pp. 197-198; Greimas (1992) pp. 57-75.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_GABIJA", "Gabija", null, "Baltic", "fire deity", "Hearth Deity", "fire; hearth; home; protection; purity", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Sacred fire deity / personification of the hearth fire; Lithuanian Gabija (from gabti, to cover, protect). The household fire was kept perpetually burning as the dwelling of Gabija; extinguishing it was inauspicious. Gabija was offered libations of bread, salt, and beer and was considered the protector of the household and family. The sacred fire at the temple of Romuva (Old Prussian; also Romowe) was an eternal flame served by vestal priestesses, described in the chronicle of Peter of Dusburg (1326 CE). Gabija represents the domestic hearth tradition widespread in Indo-European religion (cf. Hestia, Vesta, Vedic Agni in the domestic role). Gimbutas (1963) pp. 204-205.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_JURASMATE", "J\u016bras m\u0101te (Mother of the Sea)", null, "Baltic", "Goddess", "Sea-mother goddess", "the sea; waters", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "European regional polytheism deepening (v1.77.0)", 0, 0, 0, "The Latvian 'Mother of the Sea', a tutelary goddess of the waters and one of the most prominent of the M\u0101tes in the daina folk songs.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_LAIMA", "Laima", null, "Baltic", "Fate goddess", "Fate Deity", "fate; luck; birth; death; weaving; cuckoo omens", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Fate goddess of the Baltic tradition; Lithuanian Laima, Latvian Laima (from Latvian laime, luck). Laima determines the fate of each person at birth and death; she appears as a cuckoo whose calls predict the years of life remaining. Laima is sometimes paired with Dievas in the cosmic dispensing of fate, and sometimes with Dievas and Perk\u016bnas as part of a fate-determining triad. She weaves or spins the thread of fate and is associated with the cuckoo, the linden tree, and the morning star. Gimbutas (1963) pp. 202-203; Greimas (1992) pp. 153-185.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_MEDEINA", "Medeina", null, "Baltic", "forest deity", "Nature Deity", "forests; hunting; wild animals; trees", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Forest deity; Lithuanian Medeina (from medis, tree, forest), Latvian Me\u017ea m\u0101te (Forest Mother). Patron of forests and hunting; depicted as a woman accompanied by a wolf, or as a deity who must be appeased before entering the forest or cutting trees. Medeina is attested in the chronicle of Jan Lasicki (De diis Samagitarum, 1615 CE), which lists Lithuanian forest and grove deities. The Romowe sanctuary (Romuva) was a sacred oak grove; the veneration of sacred groves (alka) is widely attested in Baltic tradition. Gimbutas (1963) pp. 200, 206.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_MENESS", "Meness", null, "Baltic", "Moon deity", "Moon Deity", "moon; time; marriage; stars; celestial cycle", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Moon deity; Lithuanian Meness, Latvian Meness (cognate with Latin mensis, PIE *meh\u2081n\u0325s-). Notably masculine in Baltic tradition, in contrast to the feminine moon-deity common elsewhere. Meness is paired with or opposed to Saul\u0117 (sun goddess); in the mythological narrative they were married but Meness was unfaithful (had an affair with the Morning Star / Auseklis), for which Perk\u016bnas split him with his sword \u2014 which is why the moon waxes and wanes. The Saul\u0117\u2013Meness\u2013Auseklis myth cycle is one of the most elaborate surviving Baltic mythological narratives. Gimbutas (1963) pp. 204; Greimas (1992) pp. 221-250.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_PATULAS", "Patulas (Pikuolis)", null, "Baltic", "God", "Death / underworld god", "death; the underworld; night; evil", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "European regional polytheism deepening (v1.77.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Old Prussian god of the dead and the underworld (Patulas/Pikuolis/Pecols), the third of the Romuva triad, lord of night and darkness.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_PERKUNAS", "Perk\u016bnas", null, "Baltic", "God", "Thunder Deity", "thunder; lightning; storm; order; battle against chaos", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Thunder deity; Lithuanian Perk\u016bnas, Latvian P\u0113rkons, Old Prussian Percunis. Name from Baltic *Perk\u016bnas, cognate with Sanskrit Parjanya, Old Norse Fj\u00f6rgyn (earth, mother of Thor), and ultimately PIE *perk\u02b7- (oak, thunder). Perk\u016bnas is the great storm deity who drives away Velnias (the chthonic serpentine deity), often depicted as Velnias hiding under trees, in cattle, in humans \u2014 and Perk\u016bnas shattering the hiding place with lightning. This Perk\u016bnas-vs.-Velnias myth is one of the best-attested Baltic mythological narratives, preserved in folk songs and converging with Vedic Indra-vs.-Vrtra and Slavic Perun-vs.-Veles. First attested as \"Percunis\" in the Livonian Rhymed Chronicle (c. 1290 CE). Gimbutas (1963) pp. 199-200; Greimas (1992) pp. 77-120.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_POTRIMPO", "Potrimpo", null, "Baltic", "God", "Water / grain god", "rivers and waters; grain; fertility; good fortune", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "European regional polytheism deepening (v1.77.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Old Prussian god of running waters and grain, one of the triad on the banner of Romuva, associated with fertility and good fortune.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_SAULE", "Saul\u0117", null, "Baltic", "Sun goddess", "Solar Deity", "sun; light; justice; weaving; amber; spinning; fate", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Sun goddess; Lithuanian Saul\u0117, Latvian Saule. One of the most prominent deities in Baltic folk song (daina / dainas): she is a spinning, weaving, dancing maiden who drives a copper chariot across the sky, rests at night in an amber island in the sea, and dispenses justice (especially for orphans and the poor). The solar deity is feminine in Baltic (unlike Germanic/Norse Sol, she is central rather than peripheral). In the celestial myth cycle, Saul\u0117 is betrothed to or formerly married to Meness (moon); their relationship is often described as troubled (divorce, a quarrel judged by Perk\u016bnas). Associated with amber \u2014 tears of Saul\u0117 \u2014 which is uniquely prominent in Baltic religion given the Baltic amber trade. Gimbutas (1963) pp. 203-204; Greimas (1992) pp. 188-220.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_USINS", "\u016asi\u0146\u0161", null, "Baltic", "God", "Horse / light god", "horses; bees; light; spring; fertility", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "European regional polytheism deepening (v1.77.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Latvian god of horses, bees, and the returning light of spring, celebrated at the festival marking the start of pasturing.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_VELNIAS", "Velnias", null, "Baltic", "Chthonic deity", "Underworld Deity", "underworld; cattle; magic; wealth; the dead; shapeshifting", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Chthonic deity of the Baltic tradition; Lithuanian Velnias (later folk form: V\u0117linas), Latvian Vels. Lord of the realm of the dead (v\u0117l\u0117s), protector of cattle and earthly wealth, master of magic and the arts. The name is cognate with Slavic Veles and ultimately with PIE *wel- (the dead, the realm of the dead). Velnias is the serpentine antagonist of Perk\u016bnas in the great Baltic cosmic myth: he steals cattle, gold, or a solar being and hides below the earth, in trees, in water; Perk\u016bnas pursues him with lightning. Despite his adversarial role, Velnias is not simply evil \u2014 he governs essential underworld functions including agricultural fertility and the wealth of the earth. Attested in chronicle sources and folk song. Gimbutas (1963) pp. 200-201; Greimas (1992) pp. 121-150.", "deity"], ["ENT_BALT_ZEMYNA", "\u017demyna", null, "Baltic", "earth goddess", "Earth Deity", "earth; agriculture; fertility; ancestors; libations", null, null, null, "A", null, null, null, null, null, "Earth goddess; Lithuanian \u017demyna (from \u017eem\u0117, earth; cognate with Latvian Zemes m\u0101te, Mother Earth). \u017demyna receives the first and last libation at every meal, poured on the earth. She is the mother of the living and the receiving earth for the dead; prayers address her as \u017demyna r\u016bpintoj\u0117l\u0117 (caring \u017demyna). Latvian tradition elaborates her as Zemes m\u0101te (Mother Earth) and multiplies her into a family of specialized earth-mothers governing fields, forests, water, and graves. Gimbutas (1963) pp. 205; Greimas (1992) pp. 253-260.", "deity"], ["ENT_BENDIS", "Bendis", null, "Thracian", "Thracian goddess", "Moon Deity", "moon; hunt; fire; night; mystery cult", "imported;thracian", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 2, 0, 0, "Thracian hunting and moon goddess; the most thoroughly documented Thracian deity in Athens. Her Athenian cult was officially established by state decree by 429 BCE, making the Bendideia festival the first formally recognised foreign cult in Athens. Plato opens the Republic (327a) at the Bendideia in the Piraeus. Herodotus 5.7 lists Artemis as one of the three Thracian gods \u2014 scholarship identifies Artemis with Bendis in this context. The equation Bendis \u2194 Artemis is explicit in Athenian votive inscriptions; she is also equated with Hecate in some traditions. Iconography: twin torches and hunting dress. Archibald (1998) ch. 8.", "deity"], ["ENT_BOREAS", "Boreas", null, "Greek", "Wind god", "Wind Spirit", "north wind; winter; storm wind", null, "Regional/mythic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Greek wind deity", 0, 0, 0, "God of the north wind.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRIMO", "Brimo", null, "Greek", "Goddess/epithet", "Chthonic Deity", "underworld power; terrifying goddess", "epithet;chthonic", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 5, 1, 0, "Chthonic, underworld, or local cult seed entity.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRI_ANDRASTE", "Andraste", null, "Celtic/British", "Goddess", "War/victory goddess", "war; victory; sovereignty", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Cassius Dio 62.6-7", 1, 0, 0, "A war and victory goddess invoked by Boudica of the Iceni (per Cassius Dio); equated with Victoria.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRI_ANTENOCITICUS", "Antenociticus", null, "Celtic/British", "God", "Tutelary god", "military advancement; local patronage", null, "local", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "RIB 1327-1329 (Benwell)", 1, 0, 0, "A local tutelary god of Benwell (Condercum) on Hadrian's Wall, invoked for military advancement.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRI_BELATUCADROS", "Belatucadros", null, "Celtic/British", "God", "War god", "war", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "RIB; ~28 inscriptions", 1, 0, 0, "A war-god of the western Hadrian's Wall zone (\"Fair Shining One\"), favoured by lower-ranking soldiers, equated with Mars.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRI_BRIGANTIA", "Brigantia", null, "Celtic/British", "Goddess", "Tutelary/sovereignty goddess", "the Brigantes; sovereignty; victory", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "RIB 627, 628, 1131", 2, 0, 0, "Tutelary sovereignty goddess of the Brigantes of northern Britain (Victoria/Caelestis Brigantia), cognate with (but distinct from) Irish Brigid.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRI_COCIDIUS", "Cocidius", null, "Celtic/British", "God", "War/hunt god", "war; hunting; the forest", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "RIB 2015; ~25 inscriptions", 3, 0, 0, "A war and hunting god of the north-western frontier (Fanum Cocidi, Bewcastle), equated with Mars and Silvanus; paired with Belatucadros.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRI_COVENTINA", "Coventina", null, "Celtic/British", "Goddess", "Goddess of wells", "sacred wells and springs", null, "local", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "RIB 1522-1535 (Carrawburgh)", 3, 0, 0, "Goddess of the sacred well at Carrawburgh on Hadrian's Wall, honoured with thousands of votive offerings.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRI_NODENS", "Nodens", null, "Celtic/British", "God", "Healing/hunt god", "healing; hunting; the sea; dogs", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "RIB 305-307 (Lydney)", 2, 0, 0, "A Romano-British healing, hunting and sea god (the Lydney Park temple, with its dogs and marine imagery); epigraphically \"Mars Nodons\" but functionally close to Silvanus and Neptune. Ancestor of Irish Nuada and Welsh Nudd/Lludd.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRI_SULIS", "Sulis", null, "Celtic/British", "Goddess", "Healing/spring goddess", "the hot springs of Bath; healing; cursing and justice", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "RIB curse tablets (Bath)", 3, 0, 0, "Goddess of the hot springs of Bath (Aquae Sulis), equated with Minerva; her sacred spring received ~130 curse-tablets seeking justice.", "deity"], ["ENT_BRI_VINOTONUS", "Vinotonus", null, "Celtic/British", "God", "Woodland god", "the moor and woodland", null, "local", null, "C", "candidate_verified_name", "RIB 732, 733 (Scargill Moor)", 4, 0, 0, "A local woodland/moorland god of Scargill Moor near Bowes, equated with Silvanus.", "deity"], ["ENT_BSQ_MARI", "Mari", null, "Basque", "Goddess", "Deity", "weather; mountains; earth; sovereignty", null, "regional", null, "B", "candidate_verified_name", "European regional polytheism deepening (v1.77.0)", 0, 0, 0, "Supreme goddess of Basque mythology, lady of the mountains who dwells in caves and governs storms, hail and the weather.", "deity"], ["ENT_BSQ_URTZI", "Urtzi (Ortzi)", null, "Basque", "God", "Deity", "sky; firmament", null, "regional", null, "C", "candidate_verified_name", "European regional polytheism deepening (v1.77.0)", 0, 0, 0, "DISPUTED: the word ortzi/urtzi denotes the sky/firmament and appears in weather compounds; whether it ever named a personified sky-god is contested.", "deity"], ["ENT_CAICUS", "Caicus", null, "Greek", "River god/Potamos", "River Deity", "river; freshwater; local geography", "potamos;freshwater;local cult potential", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "B", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Named river-god/Potamos; some rows may need place disambiguation.", "deity"], ["ENT_CALLIOPE", "Calliope", null, "Greek", "Muse", "Inspiration Deity", "epic poetry; eloquence; inspiration", null, "Mythic/cultic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Greek Muse", 0, 0, 0, "Muse of epic poetry.", "deity"], ["ENT_CAN_ANAT", "Anat", null, "Canaanite/Ugaritic", "War/fertility goddess", "War Deity", "war; fertility; protection", null, "Northwest Semitic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Canaanite core deity", 2, 0, 0, "Warrior goddess closely associated with Baal.", "deity"], ["ENT_CAN_ARSAY", "Arsay", null, "Canaanite/Ugaritic", "Goddess", "Daughter of Baal", "the earth; the underworld", null, "regional", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Baal Cycle, KTU 1.3; KTU 1.118", 4, 1, 0, "\"Earthy one,\" the chthonic third daughter of Baal.", "deity"], ["ENT_CAN_ASHERAH", "Athirat/Asherah", null, "Canaanite/Ugaritic", "Mother goddess", "Fertility Deity", "motherhood; sea; fertility; divine consort", null, "Northwest Semitic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Canaanite core deity", 4, 0, 0, "Mother goddess and consort of El.", "deity"], ["ENT_CAN_ASTARTE", "Astarte", null, "Canaanite/Ugaritic", "Love/fertility goddess", "War Deity", "love; fertility; sexuality; sovereignty", null, "Northwest Semitic", null, "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Canaanite core deity", 2, 0, 0, "Major Northwest Semitic goddess related to Ishtar traditions.", "deity"]], "truncated": false, "filtered_table_rows_count": 1237, "expanded_columns": [], "expandable_columns": [[{"column": "entity_class", "other_table": "entity_class", "other_column": "class_id"}, null]], "columns": ["entity_id", "canonical_name", "greek_name", "tradition", "entity_type", "category", "primary_domains", "tags", "cult_scope", "primary_period", "evidence_confidence", "review_status", "inclusion_basis", "earth_association_score", "chthonic_flag", "serpent_flag", "short_note", "entity_class"], "primary_keys": ["entity_id"], "units": {}, "query": {"sql": "select entity_id, canonical_name, greek_name, tradition, entity_type, category, primary_domains, tags, cult_scope, primary_period, 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"license_url": "https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT"}