{"database": "deitydb", "table": "entities", "rows": [["ENT_ATTIS", "Attis", null, "Phrygian", "vegetation deity / dying-and-rising consort", "Nature Deity", "vegetation; death and return; self-castration; pine tree; spring mourning; mystery cult; resurrection", "imported;vegetation", "Greek world", "Archaic-Classical/Roman reception", "A", "candidate_verified_name", "Literary attestation in classical/mythographic tradition; cult evidence varies by entity.", 4, 0, 0, "Attis is the Phrygian vegetation deity whose myth of self-castration, death, and resurrection formed the theological core of the Cybele mystery cult as it spread through the Hellenistic world and Rome. His myth survives in several variant versions: in the Pessinuntine version (Pausanias 7.17.9-12; Arnobius, Adversus Nationes 5.5-7), Attis emanates from the almond tree that grew from the blood of the castrated Agdistis, is loved by Agdistis, and in a fit of divine madness self-castrates under a pine tree and dies; Agdistis, in grief, persuades Zeus to grant Attis a form of resurrection \u2014 his hair continues to grow and his little finger moves. The pine tree under which he died became sacred to him. Catullus Poem 63 (the most vivid Latin literary treatment) dramatizes the ecstatic self-castration of an Attis-follower who becomes a Gallus (castrated priest of Cybele). The annual Roman festival cycle commemorating Attis (March 15-27) enacted his myth: the Day of the Arriving Reed (Canna Intrat), the Day of the Arriving Tree (Arbor Intrat \u2014 a pine tree carried in procession), the Day of Blood (Sanguem, March 24 \u2014 the Galli's ritual self-cutting), and the Day of Joy (Hilaria, March 25 \u2014 celebrating the resurrection). The importation of the Cybele-Attis cult to Rome in 204 BCE (the Magna Mater stone from Pessinus) brought Attis to the Roman world; Claudius formalized the full festival cycle. Attis represents the dying-and-rising deity archetype in Phrygian religion, paralleled structurally by Dionysus and Osiris in the Greek and Egyptian traditions. Vermaseren (1977) is the standard monograph; Roller (1999) pp. 139-165.", "deity"]], "columns": ["entity_id", "canonical_name", "greek_name", "tradition", "entity_type", "category", "primary_domains", "tags", "cult_scope", "primary_period", "evidence_confidence", "review_status", "inclusion_basis", "earth_association_score", "chthonic_flag", "serpent_flag", "short_note", "entity_class"], "primary_keys": ["entity_id"], "primary_key_values": ["ENT_ATTIS"], "units": {}, "query_ms": 0.7150300000375864, "source": "jebboone/deitydb", "source_url": "https://github.com/jebboone/deitydb", "license": "MIT", "license_url": "https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT"}