{"database": "deitydb", "table": "sources", "rows": [["SRC_JUBILEES", "James C. VanderKam (trans.), The Book of Jubilees (2 vols.; CSCO 510\u2013511, Scriptores Aethiopici 87\u201388; Peeters, Leuven, 1989)", null, "primary text", "The Book of Jubilees (also \"Little Genesis\") is a Second Temple Jewish pseudepigraphon (c. 160\u2013150 BCE) presented as a revelation to Moses during his 40 days on Sinai, retelling Genesis 1 through Exodus 12 in a solar-calendar framework. It is the primary source for the figure of Mastema (the chief adversarial spirit who heads the evil spirits descended from the Watchers; Jubilees 10:8-9; 11:5; 17:16; 48:1-18), and provides a systematic account of the Watchers tradition (Jubilees 4:15; 5:1-10) that diverges from but overlaps with 1 Enoch. Jubilees is canonical in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and is attested in multiple Dead Sea Scrolls manuscripts (14 copies at Qumran, more than any non-canonical text except 1 Enoch). VanderKam's 1989 CSCO edition provides the critical Ethiopic text with English translation and is the standard scholarly reference. The book is essential for understanding the Second Temple Jewish angelology/demonology cluster: Mastema, the evil spirits as disembodied Nephilim, the Watchers, and the solar calendar used to date the Enochic revelations. Cited for ENT_ISR_MASTEMA."]], "columns": ["source_id", "title", "url", "source_type", "scope"], "primary_keys": ["source_id"], "primary_key_values": ["SRC_JUBILEES"], "units": {}, "query_ms": 1.2140409999119584, "source": "jebboone/deitydb", "source_url": "https://github.com/jebboone/deitydb", "license": "MIT", "license_url": "https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT"}