entity_id,canonical_name,greek_name,tradition,entity_type,category,primary_domains,tags,cult_scope,primary_period,evidence_confidence,review_status,inclusion_basis,earth_association_score,chthonic_flag,serpent_flag,short_note,entity_class
ENT_ALV_KAYGUSUZ,Kaygusuz Abdal,,Alevi,Sufi poet,Sufi poet,early Bektashi saint-poet,,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Late-14th/15th-c. dervish poet, a foundational Bektashi literary saint whose verse shaped the tradition's hymnody. Attested Bektashi poet; Birge, Karamustafa.",sage
ENT_ALV_TRINITY,Allah-Muhammad-Ali (the Alevi triad),,Alevi,Theological category,Theological category,divine unity expressed as a triadic formula,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"The Alevi-Bektashi understanding of divine unity expressed in the formula Hak-Muhammad-Ali, in which Ali is venerated as the locus of divine manifestation; doctrinally distinct from Sunni Islam. Attested in Birge and Dressler.",sage
ENT_ALW_KHASIBI,al-Husayn ibn Hamdan al-Khasibi,,Alawite,Sufi master/author,Theologian,"doctrine,organization,theology",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Attested historical figure (d. c. 969): the organizer and systematizer of the Nusayri religion, author of the Kitab al-Hidaya al-Kubra, who established the community in Aleppo and Baghdad (Friedman 2010; Bar-Asher & Kofsky 2002).",sage
ENT_BAH_ABDULBAHA,Abdu'l-Bahá (Abbás Effendi),,Bahá'í,Authoritative interpreter/exemplar,Authoritative interpreter/exemplar,interpretation; exemplar; covenant,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"1844-1921; eldest son of Bahá'u'lláh, appointed Centre of the Covenant and authorized interpreter; not regarded as a Manifestation. Historically attested; Smith (2008).",sage
ENT_BAH_COVENANT,Covenant (Bahá'í),,Bahá'í,Theological concept,Theological concept,succession; authority; unity,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Bahá'í concept of the binding chain of authority from Bahá'u'lláh through Abdu'l-Bahá, the Guardianship and the Universal House of Justice. Attested in Kitáb-i-Aqdas and Smith (2008).",sage
ENT_BAH_MAZHAR,Manifestation of God (Mazhar),,Bahá'í,Theological concept,Theological concept,prophetology; divine mediation; revelation,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Core Bahá'í concept: a perfect mirror reflecting divine attributes who founds a religious dispensation. Attested in Kitáb-i-Íqán; Smith (2008) ch. on theology.,sage
ENT_BAH_SHOGHI,Shoghi Effendi (Shoghi Rabbání),,Bahá'í,Guardian/authoritative interpreter,Guardian/authoritative interpreter,guardianship; interpretation; administration,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"1897-1957; great-grandson of Bahá'u'lláh, Guardian of the Cause and authorized interpreter who built the administrative order. Historically attested; author of God Passes By.",sage
ENT_DIO_DEACONS,Deacons (Leitourgoi),λειτουργοί,Christian/Theurgic,Clergy order,Purifying clergy order,purification; cleansing of the uninitiated; sacred service,,liturgical,,A,candidate_verified_name,Pseudo-Dionysian corpus,0,0,0,"The lowest clerical order, the purifying rank (the ""liturgists"") that cleanses and separates the unready before illumination.",sage
ENT_DIO_DIVINE_NAMES,The Divine Names,τὰ θεῖα ὀνόματα,Christian/Theurgic,Theological category,Cataphatic theology,"the names predicated of God; Good, Being, Life, Wisdom, Light, Beauty, Love",,pan-Christian,,A,candidate_verified_name,Pseudo-Dionysian corpus,0,0,0,"The cataphatic catalogue of names by which Scripture praises the Thearchy through its beneficent processions into creation — Good, Being, Life, Wisdom, Power, Beauty, Love, and the rest.",sage
ENT_DIO_HIERARCHS,Hierarchs (Bishops),ἱεράρχαι,Christian/Theurgic,Clergy order,Perfecting clergy order,consecration; perfection; summit of the sacred ministry,,liturgical,,A,candidate_verified_name,Pseudo-Dionysian corpus,0,0,0,"The highest clerical order, the perfecting rank that consecrates the sacraments and completes initiation; the human analogue of the perfecting power in heaven.",sage
ENT_DIO_PRIESTS,Sacred Priests (Hiereis),ἱερεῖς,Christian/Theurgic,Clergy order,Illuminating clergy order,illumination; the sacred mysteries; teaching,,liturgical,,A,candidate_verified_name,Pseudo-Dionysian corpus,0,0,0,"The middle clerical order, the illuminating rank that brings the initiated into the light of the mysteries under the hierarch.",sage
ENT_DIO_THEOSIS,Deification (Theosis),θέωσις,Christian/Theurgic,Mystical process/category,Goal of hierarchy,assimilation to and union with God; the goal of every hierarchy; deification,,pan-Christian,,A,candidate_verified_name,Pseudo-Dionysian corpus,0,0,0,"Dionysius's stated goal of all hierarchy — ""assimilation to and union with God so far as is attainable"" — the Christian-theurgic deification later systematised as the Orthodox doctrine of theosis.",sage
ENT_DIVINE_PRESENCE,Divine Presence,,Cross-traditional,Theological category,Abstraction,divine presence; indwelling; manifestation; immanence,,Comparative,,A,candidate_verified_name,cross-traditional theological category,0,0,0,Cross-traditional abstraction for divine presence and indwelling.,sage
ENT_DRZ_ABU_IBRAHIM,Abu Ibrahim Isma'il al-Tamimi,,Druze,person,luminary-incarnation,founder,,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Early Druze daʿi associated with the rank of al-Nafs (Universal Soul). Attested in Druze epistolary tradition.,sage
ENT_DRZ_AL_DARAZI,Muhammad al-Darazi (Nashtakin al-Darazi),,Druze,person,heresiarch,founder,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Early daʿi (d. c.1018) whose extremist preaching gave the community its exonym 'Druze'; later repudiated by Hamza as a heretic. Historically attested.,sage
ENT_DRZ_AL_HAKIM,Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah,,Druze,person,divine-manifestation,theophany,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Sixth Fatimid caliph-imam (r.996-1021); in Druze belief the manifestation (mazhar/tajalli) of the divine unity. Historically attested Fatimid ruler; his divinity is a confessional Druze claim, modeled descriptively.",sage
ENT_DRZ_AL_TAMIMI,Muhammad ibn Wahb al-Qurashi al-Tamimi,,Druze,person,luminary-incarnation,founder,,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Early Druze daʿi associated with the rank of al-Kalima (the Word). HOMONYM: distinct from the Prophet Muhammad (ENT_ISL_MUHAMMAD).,sage
ENT_DRZ_HAMZA,Hamza ibn Ali ibn Ahmad,,Druze,person,luminary-incarnation,founder,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Persian founder-theologian of the Druze daʿwa (fl. 1017-21); chief organizer, held as the human manifestation of al-Aql (Universal Intellect). Historically attested. HOMONYM: distinct from ENT_ISL_HAMZA (Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib, uncle of the Prophet Muhammad).",sage
ENT_DRZ_MUQTANA,Baha al-Din al-Muqtana al-Samuqi,,Druze,person,luminary-incarnation,founder,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Druze daʿi (fl. 1027-43) who compiled much of the Rasaʾil al-Hikma (Epistles of Wisdom) and sealed the daʿwa; held as the manifestation of al-Tali (the Follower). Attested.,sage
ENT_DRZ_SALAMA,Salama ibn Abd al-Wahhab,,Druze,person,luminary-incarnation,founder,,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Early Druze daʿi associated with the rank of al-Sabiq (the Preceder). Attested.,sage
ENT_FEMININE_DIVINE,Feminine Divine,,Cross-traditional,Theological category,Abstraction,feminine divine; divine feminine; goddess symbolism; sacred femininity,,Comparative,,A,candidate_verified_name,cross-traditional theological category,1,0,0,Cross-traditional abstraction for feminine divine symbolism.,sage
ENT_FINN_VAINAMOINEN,Väinämöinen,,Finnish,shaman-bard / culture hero / primordial sage,Hero,music; poetry; wisdom; shamanism; magic; creation; seas; kantele,,,,A,,,,,,"The central figure of the Kalevala; eternal sage, primordial shaman, and culture hero of Finnish mythology. Son of Ilmatar, the air spirit who floated on the primordial sea. Väinämöinen spent 700 years in his mother's womb before emerging as an already-old man with full wisdom. He is the greatest singer in the world — his kantele (Finnish harp, which he carves from a pike's jaw) has magical power over nature and humans. The Kalevala's main narrative follows Väinämöinen's quest for the Sampo (a magical mill), his contests of wisdom and music, his descent to the realm of the dead (Tuonela) to retrieve knowledge, and his conflicts with the sorceress Louhi. He is a paradigmatic shaman figure in the tradition described by Eliade — capable of soul-journey, magical singing, and cosmogonic action. At the end of the Kalevala (Runo 50) he departs in his boat to a realm between sky and earth, promising to return when needed. Pentikäinen (1999) pp. 148-220; Kalevala Runos 1-3, 16-17, 26-30.",sage
ENT_HEAVENLY_JOURNEY,Heavenly Journey,,Cross-traditional,Mystical process/category,Abstraction,heavenly journey; ascent; visionary travel; celestial ascent,,Comparative,,A,candidate_verified_name,cross-traditional ascent category,0,0,0,Cross-traditional abstraction for heavenly journey and visionary ascent.,sage
ENT_HERX_ARIUS,Arius,,Christian/Heterodox,figure,heresiarch,Christology; subordinationism,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Alexandrian presbyter (c.256-336) whose teaching that the Son was created and subordinate to the Father was condemned at Nicaea (325); attested in Athanasius, Socrates Scholasticus, and Pelikan.",sage
ENT_HERX_DONATUS,Donatus Magnus,,Christian/Heterodox,figure,heresiarch,ecclesiology; sacramental purity,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Bishop of Carthage (d. c.355) and eponym of the Donatist schism over the validity of sacraments administered by traditores; attested in Pelikan.,sage
ENT_HERX_EUTYCHES,Eutyches,,Christian/Heterodox,figure,heresiarch,Christology; monophysitism,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Constantinopolitan archimandrite (c.380-456) whose teaching of a single divine nature in Christ was condemned at Chalcedon (451); attested in Pelikan.,sage
ENT_HERX_MONTANUS,Montanus,,Christian/Heterodox,figure,heresiarch,prophecy; New Prophecy; eschatology,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"2nd-c. Phrygian founder of the New Prophecy (Montanism), an ecstatic prophetic movement condemned for novel revelation; attested in Eusebius and Pelikan.",sage
ENT_HERX_NESTORIUS,Nestorius,,Christian/Heterodox,figure,heresiarch,Christology; dyophysitism,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Patriarch of Constantinople (c.386-450) condemned at Ephesus (431) for teaching two distinct persons in Christ and rejecting Theotokos; attested in Pelikan.,sage
ENT_HERX_PELAGIUS,Pelagius,,Christian/Heterodox,figure,heresiarch,grace; free will; soteriology,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"British ascetic (c.354-418) who denied original sin's bondage of the will, condemned at Carthage (418) and Ephesus (431); chief antagonist of Augustine, attested in Pelikan.",sage
ENT_HERX_PRISCILLIAN,Priscillian,,Christian/Heterodox,figure,heresiarch,asceticism; dualism,,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Bishop of Avila (d. 385), ascetic teacher executed for heresy/sorcery, first Christian put to death by the state for heterodoxy; attested in Sulpicius Severus and Pelikan.",sage
ENT_HERX_SABELLIUS,Sabellius,,Christian/Heterodox,figure,heresiarch,Trinity; modalism,,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Early 3rd-c. teacher of modalist monarchianism (the Father, Son, and Spirit as modes of one person), eponym of Sabellianism; attested in Hippolytus and Pelikan.",sage
ENT_HERX_WALDO,Peter Waldo,,Christian/Heterodox,figure,heresiarch,apostolic poverty; lay preaching,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Lyon merchant (c.1140-c.1205) who founded the Waldensian movement of apostolic poverty and unauthorized lay preaching, condemned 1184; attested in Lambert.",sage
ENT_HRN_AGATHODAIMON,Agathodaimon as Harranian Prophet-Sage,,Sabian/Harranian,figure,prophet-sage,revealed wisdom,,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Agathodaimon ('Good Spirit'), paired with Hermes in Hermetic literature, is named alongside Hermes as a prophet/teacher of the Harranian Sabians in the Fihrist tradition; lesser-attested than Hermes. Same figure as the existing pan-Hermetic ENT_LAT_AGATHOS_DAIMON_HERMETIC ('Agathos Daimon'), to which this Harranian-reception entity is wired (homonym/reception, not a duplicate).",sage
ENT_HRN_HERMES_TRISMEGISTUS,Hermes Trismegistus (=Idris) as Harranian Prophet-Sage,,Sabian/Harranian,figure,prophet-sage,"revealed wisdom, prophecy",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"The Harranian Sabians claimed Hermes (identified with Qur'anic Idris/Enoch) as their prophet and Hermetic writings as scripture, a claim that legitimized them under Islam; documented by Ibn al-Nadim and analyzed in Green. Wired by reception_of to existing ENT_HER_TRISMEGISTUS and equated_with ENT_ISL_IDRIS.",sage
ENT_IAM_NADA,Lady Master Nada,,Theosophical,ascended master,ascended master,sixth ray; ministration and service; divine love,,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Ascended Lady Master and Chohan of the sixth ray invoked in CUT devotion; one of the Ascended Lady Masters of the I AM/CUT hierarchy. Distinct from the Israelite figure Nadab (ENT_ISR_NADAB).,sage
ENT_IAM_SAINT_GERMAIN_HIERARCH,"Saint Germain, Hierarch of the Aquarian Age",,Theosophical,ascended master,ascended master,seventh ray; violet flame; freedom; Aquarian-age dispensation,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Reception within the I AM Activity and CUT of the existing Master Saint Germain as the Chohan of the seventh ray and sponsoring hierarch of the Aquarian age; devotionally invoked, distinct cult-form of the Theosophical Saint Germain (ENT_THE_SAINT_GERMAIN).",sage
ENT_ISL_ABU_HANIFA,Abu Hanifa,,Islamic,Jurist-founder,Imam / school-founder,eponym of the Hanafi school; pioneer of ra'y and qiyas in fiqh,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man ibn Thabit (c. 699-767 CE) of Kufa, eponymous founder of the Hanafi school, the most widely followed Sunni legal tradition.",sage
ENT_ISL_ABU_HURAYRA,Abu Hurayra,,Islamic,Hadith narrator,Islamic companion,foremost hadith narrator; transmission of prophetic tradition,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,A companion who became the most prolific narrator of hadith in the Sunni tradition.,sage
ENT_ISL_AHMAD_IBN_HANBAL,Ahmad ibn Hanbal,,Islamic,Jurist-founder,Imam / school-founder,eponym of the Hanbali school; traditionist and compiler of the Musnad,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780-855 CE) of Baghdad founded the Hanbali school, emphasized hadith over speculative reasoning, and compiled the vast Musnad.",sage
ENT_ISL_ALI,Ali ibn Abi Talib,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam/holy figure,Holy Figure,walaya; esoteric knowledge; sainthood; courage,,Shi'a/Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic holy figure,1,0,0,First Imam in Shi'a Islam and major holy figure in Islamic esoteric traditions.,sage
ENT_ISL_AL_SHAFII,al-Shafi'i,,Islamic,Jurist-founder,Imam / school-founder,eponym of the Shafi'i school; systematizer of usul al-fiqh,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i (767-820 CE) founded the Shafi'i school and is regarded as the father of Islamic legal theory in his Risala.,sage
ENT_ISL_ASKARI,Hasan al-Askari,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam,Twelve Imams,the Imamate; the father of the Hidden Imam,,Shi'a,,A,candidate_verified_name,The 11th Imam,0,0,0,"Hasan al-Askari, the eleventh Imam, father of the awaited Mahdi.",sage
ENT_ISL_BAQIR,Muhammad al-Baqir,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam,Twelve Imams,the Imamate; the opening of knowledge,,Shi'a,,A,candidate_verified_name,The 5th Imam,0,0,0,"Muhammad al-Baqir (""the Splitter-open of Knowledge""), the fifth Imam.",sage
ENT_ISL_HADI,Ali al-Hadi,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam,Twelve Imams,the Imamate; guidance under surveillance,,Shi'a,,B,candidate_verified_name,The 10th Imam,0,0,0,"Ali al-Hadi (""the Guide""), the tenth Imam, held under watch at Samarra.",sage
ENT_ISL_HASAN,Hasan ibn Ali,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam,Twelve Imams,the Imamate; forbearance,,Shi'a,,A,candidate_verified_name,The 2nd Imam,0,0,0,"Hasan ibn Ali, the second Imam, who abdicated the caliphate to Mu'awiya.",sage
ENT_ISL_JAWAD,Muhammad al-Jawad,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam,Twelve Imams,the Imamate; youthful wisdom,,Shi'a,,B,candidate_verified_name,The 9th Imam,0,0,0,"Muhammad al-Jawad (""the Generous""), the ninth Imam, who succeeded as a child.",sage
ENT_ISL_KAZIM,Musa al-Kazim,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam,Twelve Imams,the Imamate; patient endurance,,Shi'a,,A,candidate_verified_name,The 7th Imam,0,0,0,"Musa al-Kazim (""the Forbearing""), the seventh Imam, who died imprisoned in Baghdad.",sage
ENT_ISL_LUQMAN,Luqman,,Islamic,Sage,Islamic sage,the sage granted wisdom (hikma); moral counsel to his son,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Luqman is a wise man granted hikma by God who gives moral counsel to his son; revered as a sage (and by some a prophet), with no Biblical counterpart.",sage
ENT_ISL_MAHDI,Muhammad al-Mahdi,,Islamic/Shi'a,Hidden Imam/eschatological figure,Holy Figure,occultation; eschatology; justice; return,,Shi'a/Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic eschatological holy figure,1,0,0,Hidden Imam and eschatological figure in Twelver Shi'ism.,sage
ENT_ISL_MALIK_IBN_ANAS,Malik ibn Anas,,Islamic,Jurist-founder,Imam / school-founder,eponym of the Maliki school; compiler of the Muwatta; authority on Medinan practice,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"Malik ibn Anas (c. 711-795 CE) of Medina founded the Maliki school and authored the Muwatta, an early collection of hadith and law.",sage
ENT_ISL_RIDA,Ali al-Rida,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam,Twelve Imams,the Imamate; the shrine of Mashhad,,Shi'a,,A,candidate_verified_name,The 8th Imam,0,0,0,"Ali al-Rida, the eighth Imam, named heir by al-Ma'mun; his shrine is at Mashhad.",sage
ENT_ISL_SADIQ,Ja'far al-Sadiq,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam,Twelve Imams,the Imamate; jurisprudence; transmitted knowledge,,Shi'a,,A,candidate_verified_name,The 6th Imam,0,0,0,"Ja'far al-Sadiq, the sixth Imam, founder of the Ja'fari school and major transmitter of Shi'a hadith.",sage
ENT_ISL_ZAYN_ABIDIN,Ali Zayn al-Abidin,,Islamic/Shi'a,Imam,Twelve Imams,the Imamate; devotion; the Sahifa Sajjadiyya,,Shi'a,,A,candidate_verified_name,The 4th Imam,0,0,0,"Ali Zayn al-Abidin (""Ornament of the Worshippers""), the fourth Imam, survivor of Karbala.",sage
ENT_ISR_AARON,Aaron,,Israelite/Second Temple,Priest,First high priest of Israel,the priesthood; spokesman of Moses; the golden calf,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Brother of Moses and Miriam, spokesman before Pharaoh, and the first high priest of Israel.",sage
ENT_ISR_EZRA,Ezra,,Israelite/Second Temple,Priest,Priest-scribe of the restoration,the Torah; restoration of the law; communal reform,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,Priest and scribe who led returning exiles and re-established the Torah in restored Jerusalem.,sage
ENT_JM_ALKABETZ,Solomon Alkabetz,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Safed mystic,"['kabbalah', 'liturgy', 'mysticism']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Solomon ben Moses Alkabetz (c.1500-1576), Safed kabbalist and poet, author of the hymn Lekhah Dodi welcoming the Sabbath bride (the Shekhinah); Cordovero's teacher and brother-in-law.",sage
ENT_JM_BESHT,Baal Shem Tov (Israel ben Eliezer),,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Hasidic master,"['mysticism', 'devekut', 'healing']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Israel ben Eliezer (c.1698-1760), the 'Baal Shem Tov' (Master of the Good Name), founder of Hasidism; emphasized joyful devotion (devekut) and the divine presence in all things. Known through the hagiographic Shivhei ha-Besht.",sage
ENT_JM_CHAYYIM_VOLOZHIN,Chayyim of Volozhin,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Kabbalist,"['Torah study', 'kabbalah']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Chayyim of Volozhin (1749-1821), foremost disciple of the Vilna Gaon and founder of the Volozhin yeshiva; his Nefesh ha-Chayyim gave the Mitnagdic movement its kabbalistic-intellectual theology.",sage
ENT_JM_CORDOVERO,Moses Cordovero (Ramak),,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Safed mystic,"['kabbalah', 'systematic theology']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Moses ben Jacob Cordovero (1522-1570), the great systematizer of pre-Lurianic Kabbalah in Safed; author of Pardes Rimmonim. His school preceded and shaped Luria's.",sage
ENT_JM_DOV_BER,Dov Ber of Mezeritch (the Maggid),,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Hasidic master,"['mysticism', 'devekut']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Dov Ber of Mezeritch (c.1704-1772), 'the Great Maggid,' chief disciple and successor of the Baal Shem Tov who organized Hasidism into a movement and trained the generation of rebbes who spread it.",sage
ENT_JM_ELIMELECH,Elimelech of Lizhensk,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Hasidic master,"['mysticism', 'tzaddikism']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Elimelech of Lizhensk (1717-1787), disciple of Dov Ber whose Noam Elimelech articulated the doctrine of the tzaddik as channel of divine blessing, shaping Polish-Galician Hasidism.",sage
ENT_JM_JACOB_JOSEPH,Jacob Joseph of Polonne,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Hasidic master,"['mysticism', 'homiletics']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Jacob Joseph of Polonne (d. c.1782), disciple of the Baal Shem Tov and the first to record his teachings in print (Toldot Yaakov Yosef), the earliest Hasidic book.",sage
ENT_JM_KARO,Joseph Karo,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Safed mystic,"['halakhah', 'kabbalah', 'mysticism']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Joseph Karo (1488-1575), Safed jurist-mystic, author of the Shulchan Aruch code of law and the mystical diary Maggid Mesharim recording his angelic mentor (the maggid).",sage
ENT_JM_LEVI_YITZHAK,Levi Yitzhak of Berditchev,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Hasidic master,"['mysticism', 'devotion', 'intercession']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Levi Yitzhak of Berditchev (1740-1809), disciple of Dov Ber and beloved Hasidic rebbe famed as the compassionate 'defender' of Israel before God; author of Kedushat Levi.",sage
ENT_JM_LURIA,Isaac Luria (the Ari),,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Lurianic kabbalist,"['kabbalah', 'mysticism', 'cosmology']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Isaac ben Solomon Luria (1534-1572), 'the Ari,' the central figure of Safed Kabbalah, whose teaching of Tzimtzum, Shevirat ha-Kelim and Tikkun reshaped all later Jewish mysticism. He wrote almost nothing; his doctrine survives through Vital.",sage
ENT_JM_LUZZATTO,Moses Hayyim Luzzatto (Ramchal),,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Lurianic kabbalist,"['kabbalah', 'ethics', 'mysticism']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Moses Hayyim Luzzatto (1707-1746), 'the Ramchal,' Italian kabbalist and ethicist who systematized Lurianic doctrine; author of Mesillat Yesharim and recipient of a maggid. Suspected of Sabbatean leanings and forced to suppress his kabbalistic writings.",sage
ENT_JM_NACHMAN,Nachman of Breslov,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Hasidic master,"['mysticism', 'storytelling', 'devotion']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Nachman of Breslov (1772-1810), great-grandson of the Baal Shem Tov and founder of Breslov Hasidism; taught hitbodedut (secluded prayer) and composed mystical tales.",sage
ENT_JM_NATHAN_GAZA,Nathan of Gaza,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Messianic claimant,"['messianism', 'prophecy', 'kabbalah']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Abraham Nathan ben Elisha Hayyim Ashkenazi (1643-1680), 'Nathan of Gaza,' the prophet and theologian of the Sabbatean movement who proclaimed Sabbatai Zevi as messiah and built its Lurianic-based theology, including after the apostasy.",sage
ENT_JM_SABBATAI_ZEVI,Sabbatai Zevi,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Messianic claimant,"['messianism', 'mysticism']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Sabbatai Zevi (1626-1676), the self-proclaimed Jewish messiah whose movement convulsed Jewry in 1665-66; he converted to Islam under Ottoman threat, splitting his followers. Drew on Lurianic redemption theology.",sage
ENT_JM_SCHNEUR_ZALMAN,Schneur Zalman of Liadi,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Hasidic master,"['mysticism', 'intellectual Hasidism']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Schneur Zalman of Liadi (1745-1812), disciple of Dov Ber and founder of Chabad (Lubavitch) Hasidism; author of the Tanya, which fused Lurianic Kabbalah with an intellectual contemplative path.",sage
ENT_JM_VILNA_GAON,Elijah of Vilna (the Vilna Gaon),,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Kabbalist,"['Torah study', 'kabbalah', 'halakhah']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Elijah ben Solomon Zalman (1720-1797), 'the Vilna Gaon,' the supreme Lithuanian Talmudist and kabbalist; leader of the Mitnagdim who fiercely opposed the rise of Hasidism, issuing bans against it.",sage
ENT_JM_VITAL,Hayyim Vital,,Jewish Mystical,Mystic,Lurianic kabbalist,"['kabbalah', 'mysticism']",,devotional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Early-modern Abrahamic build (1500-1800) (v1.81.0),0,0,0,"Hayyim ben Joseph Vital (1542-1620), Luria's foremost disciple and recorder; his Etz Chaim is the chief written source for the Lurianic system.",sage
ENT_MES_ADAPA,Adapa,,Mesopotamian,Sage,Primordial sage,wisdom; the lost chance at immortality,,Mesopotamian,,A,candidate_verified_name,Primordial sage,0,0,0,"The sage of Eridu, son of Ea, who broke the South Wind and refused the bread of life.",sage
ENT_MES_ANENLILDA,Anenlilda,,Mesopotamian,Sage,Antediluvian apkallu,antediluvian wisdom; the incantation-priest of Eridu,,regional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Uruk List of Sages,0,0,0,"The sixth of the Seven Sages, ""incantation-priest of Eridu,"" who advised Dumuzi the shepherd.",sage
ENT_MES_ENMEBULUGGA,Enmebulugga,,Mesopotamian,Sage,Antediluvian apkallu,antediluvian wisdom; the fifth sage,,regional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Uruk List of Sages,0,0,0,"The fifth of the Seven Sages, who advised king Enmeushumgalanna.",sage
ENT_MES_ENMEDUGGA,Enmedugga,,Mesopotamian,Sage,Antediluvian apkallu,antediluvian wisdom; the third sage,,regional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Uruk List of Sages,0,0,0,"The third of the Seven Sages, ""allotted a good fate,"" who advised king Ammeluanna.",sage
ENT_MES_ENMEGALAMMA,Enmegalamma,,Mesopotamian,Sage,Antediluvian apkallu,antediluvian wisdom; the fourth sage,,regional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Uruk List of Sages,0,0,0,"The fourth of the Seven Sages, who advised king Amegalanna.",sage
ENT_MES_UANNEDUGGA,Uannedugga,,Mesopotamian,Sage,Antediluvian apkallu,antediluvian wisdom; the second sage,,regional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Uruk List of Sages,0,0,0,"The second of the Seven Sages, of ""broad intelligence,"" who advised king Alalgar before the Flood.",sage
ENT_MES_UTUABZU,Utuabzu,,Mesopotamian,Sage,Antediluvian apkallu,antediluvian wisdom; ascent to heaven,,regional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Uruk List of Sages,0,0,0,"The seventh and last antediluvian sage, ""who ascended to heaven,"" who advised Enmeduranki.",sage
ENT_NT_ANANIAS_DAMASCUS,Ananias of Damascus,,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Apostolic figure,restored Saul's sight and baptized him,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"A disciple at Damascus sent in a vision to lay hands on Saul of Tarsus, restoring his sight and baptizing him (Acts 9:10-19).",sage
ENT_NT_ANDREW,Andrew,,Christian/Biblical,Apostle,Apostle,first-called apostle; brother of Peter; the saltire cross,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"A fisherman of Bethsaida and brother of Simon Peter, called by Jesus to be a fisher of men and numbered among the Twelve.",sage
ENT_NT_BARNABAS,Barnabas,,Christian/Biblical,Apostle,Apostolic missionary,'son of encouragement'; missionary companion of Paul,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,A Levite of Cyprus surnamed Barnabas ('son of encouragement') who introduced Paul to the apostles and traveled with him as a missionary.,sage
ENT_NT_BARTHOLOMEW,Bartholomew (Nathanael),,Christian/Biblical,Apostle,Apostle,apostle; 'an Israelite without guile'; identified with Nathanael,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,Listed among the Twelve as Bartholomew and commonly identified with the Nathanael whom Jesus praised as guileless in John's Gospel.,sage
ENT_NT_CAIAPHAS,Caiaphas,,Christian/Biblical,High priest,Gospel antagonist,Jewish high priest; presided over the Sanhedrin trial of Jesus,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"Joseph Caiaphas, high priest who convened the Sanhedrin against Jesus and counseled that one man should die for the people; son-in-law of Annas, plausibly attested by the inscribed ossuary found in Jerusalem.",sage
ENT_NT_EPAPHRAS,Epaphras,,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Pauline associate,evangelist of Colossae; fellow prisoner of Paul,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,A fellow servant who brought the gospel to Colossae and is named as Paul's fellow prisoner (Colossians 1:7; 4:12).,sage
ENT_NT_JAMES_ALPHAEUS,"James, son of Alphaeus",,Christian/Biblical,Apostle,Apostle,apostle of the Twelve; 'James the Less',,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"An apostle named in all four lists of the Twelve as the son of Alphaeus, distinct from James the son of Zebedee.",sage
ENT_NT_JUDAS_ISCARIOT,Judas Iscariot,,Christian/Biblical,Apostle,Apostle,betrayal; keeper of the money bag; thirty pieces of silver,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"The apostle who betrayed Jesus for thirty pieces of silver and afterward died, his place among the Twelve filled by Matthias.",sage
ENT_NT_JUDE_THADDAEUS,Jude (Thaddaeus),,Christian/Biblical,Apostle,Apostle,apostle; Thaddaeus / 'Judas of James',,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,An apostle listed as Thaddaeus in Matthew and Mark and as Judas son (or brother) of James in Luke and Acts.,sage
ENT_NT_LYDIA,Lydia of Thyatira,,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Apostolic figure,dealer in purple cloth; first recorded European convert; host of the Philippian church,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"A God-fearing dealer in purple goods from Thyatira at Philippi whose heart 'the Lord opened'; the first named convert in Europe, whose home became the base of the Philippian church.",sage
ENT_NT_MARTHA,Martha,,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Gospel figure,hostess of Jesus at Bethany; confessor of Christ,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"A sister of Lazarus and Mary who served Jesus at Bethany and confessed him as the Christ, the Son of God.",sage
ENT_NT_MARY_BETHANY,Mary of Bethany,,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Gospel figure,sister of Lazarus and Martha; sat at Jesus' feet; anointed him at Bethany,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"Sister of Martha and Lazarus, who sat at Jesus' feet to learn (Luke 10) and anointed his feet with costly nard before the Passion (John 12); distinct from Mary Magdalene.",sage
ENT_NT_MARY_OF_JAMES,"Mary, mother of James",,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Gospel figure,Galilean woman follower; witness at the crucifixion and empty tomb; myrrh-bearer,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"Mary the mother of James the younger and Joses, one of the Galilean women at the cross and among the myrrh-bearers who found the empty tomb ('the other Mary').",sage
ENT_NT_MATTHIAS,Matthias,,Christian/Biblical,Apostle,Apostle,apostle chosen by lot to replace Judas Iscariot,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,A disciple who had followed Jesus from his baptism and was chosen by lot to take the place of Judas Iscariot among the Twelve.,sage
ENT_NT_NICODEMUS,Nicodemus,,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Gospel figure,Pharisee who came to Jesus by night; helped bury Jesus,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,A Pharisee and member of the Sanhedrin who came to Jesus by night and later helped Joseph of Arimathea bury him.,sage
ENT_NT_ONESIMUS,Onesimus,,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Pauline associate,the runaway slave of Philemon turned Christian helper of Paul,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"The slave of Philemon who, converted by Paul in prison, was sent back as a beloved brother (Philemon 10-16).",sage
ENT_NT_ONESIPHORUS,Onesiphorus,,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Pauline associate,refresher of Paul who sought him out in Rome,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"A supporter who often refreshed Paul and, unashamed of his chains, diligently sought him out in Rome (2 Timothy 1:16-18).",sage
ENT_NT_PHILEMON,Philemon,,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Pauline associate,host of a house church at Colossae; master of Onesimus,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"A Christian of Colossae and host of a house church, addressed by Paul in the Epistle to Philemon on behalf of his slave Onesimus.",sage
ENT_NT_PHILIP,Philip,,Christian/Biblical,Apostle,Apostle,apostle of Bethsaida; bringer of Nathanael; questioner at the Supper,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"A native of Bethsaida who, on being called by Jesus, sought out Nathanael with the words 'Come and see.'",sage
ENT_NT_SALOME,Salome (the Myrrh-Bearer),,Christian/Biblical,Disciple,Gospel figure,Galilean woman follower; witness at the crucifixion; myrrh-bearer at the tomb,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"One of the Galilean women who followed Jesus, present at the crucifixion and among those who came to the tomb with spices; often identified with the mother of the sons of Zebedee, and distinct from Salome daughter of Herodias.",sage
ENT_NT_SIMON_ZEALOT,Simon the Zealot,,Christian/Biblical,Apostle,Apostle,apostle; the Zealot / the Cananaean,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,An apostle of the Twelve called the Zealot (or Cananaean) to distinguish him from Simon Peter.,sage