entity_id,canonical_name,greek_name,tradition,entity_type,category,primary_domains,tags,cult_scope,primary_period,evidence_confidence,review_status,inclusion_basis,earth_association_score,chthonic_flag,serpent_flag,short_note,entity_class
ENT_ISLR_ABWAB_JAHANNAM,The Seven Gates of Hell (abwab jahannam),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,set,"The set of seven gates/levels of Jahannam, each apportioned to a class of the damned",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'an 15:44 'it has seven gates, to each gate a portion assigned.' Classical sources name seven descending levels; modeled here as the structuring set.",realm
ENT_ISLR_ABWAB_JANNAH,The Eight Gates of Paradise (abwab al-janna),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,set,The set of eight gates of Jannah through which classes of the righteous enter,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Hadith tradition (e.g. al-Bukhari) enumerates eight gates of Paradise (the gate of prayer, of fasting/al-Rayyan, of charity, etc.), against seven of Hell. Modeled here as a collective set.",realm
ENT_ISLR_ARAF,al-Aʿraf (the Heights),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"The elevated places/partition between Paradise and Hell, occupied by those whose scales are balanced",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic al-aʿraf (Q 7:46-48), names Sura 7; the heights with the Men of the Aʿraf who see both abodes. A liminal realm in the cosmic geography.",realm
ENT_ISLR_BARZAKH,Barzakh (the intermediate state),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,The barrier/interspace between death and resurrection in which the dead await the Last Day; the realm of grave-life,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic barzakh (Q 23:100), developed in hadith and theology as the intermediate realm where Munkar and Nakir question the dead. Central to classical eschatology (Lange).",realm
ENT_ISLR_COSMOS,Islamic cosmic geography (al-akhira),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"Eschatology; the structure of the otherworld (al-akhira) comprising Paradise, Hell, the intermediate realm and their thresholds",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Hub/organizing entity for the Qur'anic and classical-Islamic otherworldly topography. Not a single named place in scripture but the standard scholarly framing (Lange) of the akhira as a layered cosmos; introduced here as a structural hub.,realm
ENT_ISLR_DAR_AL_QARAR,Dar al-Qarar (the Abode of Permanence),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,The enduring final abode contrasted with the transient world,,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic dar al-qarar (Q 40:39), the abiding home of the hereafter; in classical eschatology read as a name of Paradise (Lange).",realm
ENT_ISLR_DAR_AL_SALAM,Dar al-Salam (the Abode of Peace),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,A Qur'anic name for Paradise as the abode of peace and well-being,,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic dar al-salam (Q 6:127, 10:25); classical exegesis treats it as an appellation/level of Jannah.",realm
ENT_ISLR_FIRDAUS,Jannat al-Firdaus (the highest Paradise),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"The highest and most excellent level of Paradise, beneath the Throne, source of its rivers",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic al-firdaws (Q 18:107, 23:11). In hadith the loftiest part of Jannah, beneath the Arsh; a level within Jannah.",realm
ENT_ISLR_HAWIYAH,al-Hawiyah (the Abyss),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"A level/name of Hell, the bottomless pit that is the 'mother/refuge' of the damned with light scales",,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Qur'anic al-hawiya (Q 101:9-11). Often taken as the deepest level of Hell in classical seven-fold schemes (Lange).,realm
ENT_ISLR_HUTAMAH,al-Hutamah (the Crusher),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"A level/name of Hell, the consuming fire that crushes and that leaps over the hearts",,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Qur'anic al-hutama (Q 104:4-9). Counted among the seven levels/gates of Hell in classical eschatology (Lange).,realm
ENT_ISLR_JAHANNAM,"Jahannam (Gehenna, Hell)",,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"The abode of punishment; the Fire, conceived as seven-layered with seven gates",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"The most common Qur'anic name for Hell (jahannam, cognate of Gehenna); abundantly attested (e.g. Q 4:140, 15:43-44). Also the name of one of the seven levels.",realm
ENT_ISLR_JAHIM,al-Jahim (the Hellfire),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"A level/name of Hell, the fierce blazing fire",,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic al-jahim, frequent (e.g. Q 2:119, 5:10). Counted among the seven levels/gates of Jahannam in classical schemes.",realm
ENT_ISLR_JANNAH,"Jannah (the Garden, Paradise)",,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"The abode of the blessed; the Garden of reward, conceived as multi-tiered with rivers, gardens and gates",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic al-janna, frequently in the plural jannat. Well attested across the Qur'an (e.g. Q 2:25, 13:35, 47:15) and classical eschatology (Lange).",realm
ENT_ISLR_JANNAT_ADN,Jannat ʿAdn (the Garden of Eden / perpetual abode),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"The Gardens of perpetuity, an eschatological abode of the righteous",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic jannat ʿadn (Q 9:72, 13:23). Distinct from the primordial garden of Adam in scholarly reading; a named level of Jannah.",realm
ENT_ISLR_LAZAA,Lazaa (the Blazing Flame),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"A level/name of Hell, the blazing fire that tears away the scalp",,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,Qur'anic lazaa (Q 70:15-16). In classical seven-level schemes counted among the gates/levels of Jahannam.,realm
ENT_ISLR_SAIR,Saʿir (the Blaze),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"A level/name of Hell, the blazing fire prepared for the disbelievers",,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic al-saʿir, frequent (e.g. Q 4:10, 67:5). Counted among the seven levels/gates of Jahannam.",realm
ENT_ISLR_SAQAR,Saqar (the Scorching Fire),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"A level/name of Hell, the scorching fire that spares nothing, with nineteen keepers over it",,devotional,,C,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic saqar (Q 74:26-30, 54:48). One of the named levels/gates of Hell; associated with the nineteen guardians.",realm
ENT_ISLR_SIDRAT,Sidrat al-Muntaha (the Lote-Tree of the Boundary),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"The lote-tree marking the utmost boundary of the seventh heaven, near the Garden of Refuge (Jannat al-Maʾwa)",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Qur'anic sidrat al-muntaha (Q 53:14-15), reached at the Miʿraj, beside jannat al-maʾwa. The cosmic boundary-tree at the limit of created knowledge.",realm
ENT_ISLR_SIRAT,As-Sirat (the bridge over Hell),,Islamic,Cosmological realm,realm,"The bridge stretched over Jahannam that all must cross at the Judgment, finer than a hair and sharper than a sword",,devotional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Roster build via gen_roster.py (see CHANGELOG/git for release),0,0,0,"Eschatological al-sirat of hadith (drawing on Qur'anic sirat imagery, Q 37:23-24); the bridge to Paradise over Hell. Standard in classical accounts (Lange).",realm
ENT_ISL_ABD_AL_MUTTALIB,Abd al-Muttalib,,Islamic,Companion,Islamic kin,grandfather of the Prophet; chief of Quraysh; custodian of the Kaaba,,regional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,The grandfather of the Prophet Muhammad and a leading chief of the Quraysh who served as custodian of the Kaaba in Mecca.,hero
ENT_ISL_ABD_AL_RAHMAN_IBN_AWF,Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf,,Islamic,Companion,Companion / Ten Promised Paradise,wealthy early convert and merchant; member of the shura,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"A prosperous early Muslim merchant, one of the Ten Promised Paradise, and a member of Umar's electoral council (shura).",hero
ENT_ISL_ABU_BAKR,Abu Bakr,,Islamic,Caliph,Islamic companion,first Rashidun caliph; closest companion of the Prophet; first adult male convert,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, the Prophet's closest companion and father-in-law, who became the first Rightly-Guided Caliph (632-634 CE).",ruler
ENT_ISL_ABU_HANIFA,Abu Hanifa,,Islamic,Jurist-founder,Imam / school-founder,eponym of the Hanafi school; pioneer of ra'y and qiyas in fiqh,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man ibn Thabit (c. 699-767 CE) of Kufa, eponymous founder of the Hanafi school, the most widely followed Sunni legal tradition.",sage
ENT_ISL_ABU_HURAYRA,Abu Hurayra,,Islamic,Hadith narrator,Islamic companion,foremost hadith narrator; transmission of prophetic tradition,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,A companion who became the most prolific narrator of hadith in the Sunni tradition.,sage
ENT_ISL_ABU_TALIB,Abu Talib,,Islamic,Companion,Islamic kin,uncle and protector of the Prophet; chief of Banu Hashim; father of Ali,,regional,,B,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,The paternal uncle who raised the orphaned Muhammad and protected him during the early Meccan persecution as chief of the Banu Hashim.,hero
ENT_ISL_ABU_UBAYDA,Abu Ubayda ibn al-Jarrah,,Islamic,Companion,Companion / Ten Promised Paradise,military commander; conquest of Syria; 'Trustee of this Nation',,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,One of the Ten Promised Paradise who commanded the conquest of Syria and was titled Amin al-Umma (Trustee of the Community).,hero
ENT_ISL_ADAM,Adam (Islam),,Islamic,Prophet,Islamic prophet,the first human and first prophet; God's vicegerent (khalifa); the names of all things,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Adam, the first man and first prophet in Islam, created by God and taught the names of all things; the Islamic reception of the Biblical Adam.",prophet
ENT_ISL_AHMAD_IBN_HANBAL,Ahmad ibn Hanbal,,Islamic,Jurist-founder,Imam / school-founder,eponym of the Hanbali school; traditionist and compiler of the Musnad,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780-855 CE) of Baghdad founded the Hanbali school, emphasized hadith over speculative reasoning, and compiled the vast Musnad.",sage
ENT_ISL_AISHA,Aisha bint Abi Bakr,,Islamic,Mother of the Believers,Islamic companion,wife of the Prophet; hadith narrator and scholar; daughter of Abu Bakr,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"A wife of the Prophet and daughter of Abu Bakr, who became a foremost narrator of hadith and authority on Islamic law and tradition.",scriptural-figure
ENT_ISL_ALLAH,Allah,,Islamic,Supreme deity,High Deity,creator; sovereignty; revelation; judgment,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic core entity,0,0,0,The one God of Islam.,deity
ENT_ISL_AL_SHAFII,al-Shafi'i,,Islamic,Jurist-founder,Imam / school-founder,eponym of the Shafi'i school; systematizer of usul al-fiqh,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi'i (767-820 CE) founded the Shafi'i school and is regarded as the father of Islamic legal theory in his Risala.,sage
ENT_ISL_AL_YASA,Al-Yasa,,Islamic,Prophet,Islamic prophet,prophet among the righteous; successor in the line of Ilyas,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,Al-Yasa is named among the excellent prophets and follows in the line of Ilyas; the Islamic reception of Elisha.,prophet
ENT_ISL_AL_ZUBAYR,al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam,,Islamic,Companion,Companion / Ten Promised Paradise,"early convert, cousin of the Prophet, cavalry commander",,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"A paternal cousin of the Prophet and husband of Asma bint Abi Bakr, among the Ten Promised Paradise.",hero
ENT_ISL_ASMA_AL_HUSNA,The Ninety-Nine Names of God (al-Asma al-Husna),,Islamic,Divine names,Divine names / devotional set,the ninety-nine Beautiful Names and attributes by which God is invoked in Islam,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"Al-Asma al-Husna are the ninety-nine Beautiful Names of God (al-Rahman, al-Rahim, al-Malik, ...) enumerated in tradition and recited in devotion; names of the one God, not separate beings.",deity
ENT_ISL_AYYUB,Ayyub,,Islamic,Prophet,Islamic prophet,patience (sabr) under affliction; restoration by God,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Ayyub endured severe affliction with patience and was restored by God, an exemplar of sabr; the Islamic reception of Job.",prophet
ENT_ISL_AZRAIL,Azrail,,Islamic,Angel,Angelic Being,death; soul collection; transition; psychopomp,,Islamic,,B,candidate_verified_name,Islamic angelology,4,1,0,Angel of Death figure in later Islamic tradition.,angel
ENT_ISL_BILAL,Bilal ibn Rabah,,Islamic,Companion,Islamic companion,first muezzin; early convert; formerly enslaved,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"An Abyssinian formerly enslaved and freed by Abu Bakr, an early convert and the first muezzin (caller to prayer) of Islam.",hero
ENT_ISL_DAJJAL,Dajjal,,Islamic,Eschatological being,Monster,deception; apocalypse; false messiah,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic eschatological figure,2,1,0,Major eschatological adversary.,spirit
ENT_ISL_DAWUD,Dawud,,Islamic,Prophet,Islamic prophet,prophet-king; slayer of Jalut (Goliath); the Zabur (Psalms); judgment and song,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Dawud, the prophet-king who slew Jalut and received the Zabur, was given a beautiful voice and wisdom in judgment; the Islamic reception of David.",prophet
ENT_ISL_DHUL_KIFL,Dhul-Kifl,,Islamic,Prophet,Islamic prophet,patience and steadfastness; often identified with Ezekiel,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Dhul-Kifl is a patient prophet named among the righteous, commonly identified by Muslim tradition with Ezekiel.",prophet
ENT_ISL_DIV,Div,,Islamic,Demon class,Adversarial being,malevolence; monstrous strength; opposition to heroes,,folk,,C,candidate_verified_name,Abrahamic folk supernatural beings (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"The div (Persian dev), a malevolent demonic being of Persianate Islamic and pre-Islamic Iranian tradition (cf. the Avestan daeva), assimilated to the jinn in Islamic-era folklore and prominent in epics such as the Shahnameh.",demon
ENT_ISL_FOUR_IMAMS,The Four Imams of the Sunni Schools of Law,,Islamic,Collective,Jurist-founders collective,"eponymous founders of the four Sunni madhhabs: Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali",,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"Sunni Islam recognizes four orthodox schools of law, each named for a jurist of the 8th-9th centuries CE whose legal methodology it codified.",collective
ENT_ISL_GHUL,Ghul,,Islamic,Demon class,Adversarial being,shape-shifting; desert; deception; devouring travellers,,folk,,C,candidate_verified_name,Abrahamic folk supernatural beings (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"The ghul (English 'ghoul'), a shape-shifting desert demon of pre-Islamic Arabian and classical Islamic lore that lures and devours lone travellers, classed among the jinn but of marginal, debated status in orthodox cosmology.",demon
ENT_ISL_HAFSA,Hafsa bint Umar,,Islamic,Mother of the Believers,Wife of the Prophet,daughter of Umar; keeper of the first written Qur'an,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"Daughter of the second caliph Umar, who kept the original compiled manuscript (suhuf) of the Qur'an after Abu Bakr.",scriptural-figure
ENT_ISL_HAMALAT_ARSH,Hamalat al-Arsh,,Islamic,Angelic collective,Bearers of the Throne,the bearing of the divine Throne; praise,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,The Throne-bearers,0,0,0,"The Bearers of the Throne, the angels who carry the Throne of God and glorify him.",collective
ENT_ISL_HAMZA,Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib,,Islamic,Companion,Islamic companion,uncle of the Prophet; warrior; martyr of Uhud,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"A paternal uncle of the Prophet, the celebrated warrior titled 'Lion of God,' killed at the Battle of Uhud (625 CE).",hero
ENT_ISL_HARUN,Harun,,Islamic,Prophet,Islamic prophet,brother and helper (wazir) of Musa; spokesman before Pharaoh,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,Harun was the brother of Musa and his appointed helper and spokesman; the Islamic reception of Aaron.,prophet
ENT_ISL_HARUT,Harut,,Islamic,Angel,Angelic Being,testing; knowledge; Babylon,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Quranic angel figure,1,0,0,One of the Harut and Marut pair.,angel
ENT_ISL_HUD,Hud,,Islamic,Messenger (rasul),Islamic prophet,prophet to the people of 'Ad; warning against idolatry and arrogance,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,Hud was sent to the ancient Arabian people of 'Ad to call them from idolatry; an Arabian prophet with no Biblical counterpart.,prophet
ENT_ISL_HUR,Hur,,Islamic,Paradise beings,Houris,the rewards of Paradise,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,The maidens of Paradise,0,0,0,"The Hur (houris), the pure companions promised to the blessed in Paradise.",spirit
ENT_ISL_IBLIS,Iblis,,Islamic,Adversarial being,Adversarial Being,rebellion; temptation; pride,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic core adversarial figure,3,1,0,Primary adversarial figure in Islam.,demon
ENT_ISL_IBRAHIM,Ibrahim,,Islamic,Messenger (rasul),Islamic prophet,khalil Allah (friend of God); the Kaaba; pure monotheism (hanif); Ulu al-Azm,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Ibrahim, the friend of God, patriarch of monotheism who with his son built the Kaaba; the Islamic reception of Abraham.",prophet
ENT_ISL_IDRIS,Idris,,Islamic,Prophet/revealer,Revealer Figure,prophecy; divine wisdom; heavenly ascent; Enoch-equivalent; Hermetic sciences,,,PER_ISL_EARLY,A,,"Primary Quranic attestation: 19:56-57 (""We raised him to a high station""), 21:85; Islamic commentary identifies him with Enoch; Islamic-Hermetic tradition identifies him with Hermes Trismegistus",,,,"Quranic prophet mentioned in 19:56-57 and 21:85; Islamic exegetical tradition (Ibn Abbas, Ibn Ishaq) universally identifies Idris with the biblical Enoch (antediluvian patriarch, ""walked with God"", taken to heaven alive). In Islamic-Hermetic philosophical tradition (9th–12th c. CE), Idris is further identified with Hermes Trismegistus as the primordial prophet of wisdom, writing, and the sciences. He is thus the Islamic nodal figure where the Enoch tradition, the Hermetic tradition, and Quranic prophetology converge.",prophet
ENT_ISL_IFRIT,Ifrit,,Islamic,Jinn subtype,Spirit Collective,powerful jinn; fire; strength,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic jinn subtype,3,0,0,Powerful class of jinn.,spirit
ENT_ISL_ILYAS,Ilyas (Elijah),,Islamic,Prophet,Revealer Figure,prophecy; fire; divine confrontation; Elijah-equivalent; eschatology,,,,B,,,,,,"Quranic prophet; identified with the Hebrew Bible Elijah (ENT_ISR_ELIJAH). Named in Quran 6:85 (in the list of prophets) and 37:123-132 (the sura Al-Saffat account of Ilyas reproving Baal worship). The Quranic account closely parallels 1 Kings 18 (the confrontation with Baal). Some Islamic traditions identify Ilyas with al-Khidr (the immortal green man), though this is disputed.",prophet
ENT_ISL_ISA,ʿĪsā ibn Maryam,,Islamic,Prophet/messenger,Holy Figure,prophecy; healing; revelation; eschatology,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,"Primary Quranic attestation: Suras 3:45-49, 4:157-159, 5:110-117, 19:16-33",,,,"ʿĪsā ibn Maryam (Jesus son of Mary); Quranic prophet and messenger of God. Born of a virgin birth (Quran 19:20-22), confirmed by miracles including healing the blind and lepers and raising the dead (Quran 3:49), and given the Injīl (Gospel). Explicitly not divine in Islamic theology: ""He was only a messenger of Allah"" (Quran 4:171). One of the five Ulu al-Azm (Prophets of Firm Resolve) along with Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Muhammad. Islamic eschatology holds that ʿĪsā will return before the Day of Judgment to defeat the Dajjal (Quran 43:61; Hadith tradition). The Quranic ʿĪsā is the Islamic reception of the Jesus tradition (ENT_JESUS_CHRIST); the two figures share the virgin birth and healing miracles but diverge sharply on christology.",prophet
ENT_ISL_ISHAQ,Ishaq,,Islamic,Prophet,Islamic prophet,son of Ibrahim; patriarch of the Israelite prophets,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Ishaq, son of Ibrahim, was given to him in old age and continued the prophetic line; the Islamic reception of Isaac.",prophet
ENT_ISL_ISMAIL,Ismail,,Islamic,Prophet,Islamic prophet,son of Ibrahim; the son of the sacrifice; co-builder of the Kaaba; ancestor of the Arabs,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Ismail, son of Ibrahim, helped build the Kaaba and is regarded in Islam as the son offered in sacrifice; the Islamic reception of Ishmael.",prophet
ENT_ISL_ISRAFIL,Israfil,,Islamic,Angel,Angelic Being,trumpet; resurrection; apocalypse,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic core angel,0,0,0,Angel associated with the Last Day trumpet.,angel
ENT_ISL_JAFAR,Ja'far ibn Abi Talib,,Islamic,Companion,Islamic companion,cousin of the Prophet; leader of the Abyssinia migration; martyr of Mu'ta,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"Brother of Ali and cousin of the Prophet, who led the migration to Abyssinia and died as a commander at Mu'ta (629 CE), titled 'Ja'far the Flyer.'",hero
ENT_ISL_JIBRIL,Jibril,,Islamic,Angel,Angelic Being,revelation; prophecy; divine message,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic core angel,0,0,0,Gabriel in Islamic tradition.,angel
ENT_ISL_JINN,Jinn,,Islamic,Spirit collective,Spirit Collective,spirits; free will; hidden beings,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic spirit collective,2,0,0,Created from smokeless fire.,collective
ENT_ISL_JINN_CLASSES,The Classes of the Jinn,,Islamic,Spirit collective,Spirit collective,jinn taxonomy; classification of hidden beings,,folk,,C,candidate_verified_name,Abrahamic folk supernatural beings (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"A grouping node for the ranked classes of jinn enumerated in classical Islamic lore (al-Jahiz, al-Damiri) — jinni, shaytan, ifrit, marid, ghul, si'lat and others; the roster and hierarchy differ between authors and are not Quranically fixed.",collective
ENT_ISL_JUWAYRIYA,Juwayriya bint al-Harith,,Islamic,Mother of the Believers,Wife of the Prophet,daughter of a Banu Mustaliq chief; her marriage freed her tribe's captives,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,Daughter of the Banu Mustaliq chief; her marriage to the Prophet prompted Muslims to free their captives from her tribe.,scriptural-figure
ENT_ISL_KHADIJAH,Khadijah bint Khuwaylid,,Islamic,Mother of the Believers,Islamic companion,first wife of the Prophet; first believer; merchant patron,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"The first wife of the Prophet Muhammad, a wealthy Meccan merchant and the first person to accept Islam.",scriptural-figure
ENT_ISL_KHALID,Khalid ibn al-Walid,,Islamic,Military commander,Islamic companion,general; military conquests; undefeated commander,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"Titled 'Sword of God,' the foremost military commander of early Islam, leading campaigns in the Ridda wars and the conquests of Iraq and Syria.",hero
ENT_ISL_KHIDR,Khidr,,Islamic,Holy figure,Holy Figure,hidden knowledge; initiation; guidance; immortality,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic holy figure,1,0,0,The mysterious Green One and hidden guide.,saint
ENT_ISL_KIRAMAN_KATIBIN,Kiraman Katibin,,Islamic,Recording angel collective,Angelic Collective,recording deeds; judgment; moral accounting,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic angelic collective,0,0,0,Honorable recording angels who record deeds.,collective
ENT_ISL_LUQMAN,Luqman,,Islamic,Sage,Islamic sage,the sage granted wisdom (hikma); moral counsel to his son,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Luqman is a wise man granted hikma by God who gives moral counsel to his son; revered as a sage (and by some a prophet), with no Biblical counterpart.",sage
ENT_ISL_LUT,Lut,,Islamic,Messenger (rasul),Islamic prophet,prophet to the cities of the plain; warning against immorality,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,Lut warned his people against immorality before their destruction; the Islamic reception of Lot.,prophet
ENT_ISL_MALAK_AL_MAWT,Malak al-Mawt,,Islamic,Angel,Angelic Being,death; soul-taking; transition; psychopomp,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic angel of death,4,1,0,Angel of Death in Islamic tradition.,angel
ENT_ISL_MALIK,Malik,,Islamic,Angel,Angel of Hell,the keeping of Hell (Jahannam),,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Keeper of Hell,0,1,0,"Malik, the angel who keeps the Fire (Jahannam), over the guardians of hell.",angel
ENT_ISL_MALIK_IBN_ANAS,Malik ibn Anas,,Islamic,Jurist-founder,Imam / school-founder,eponym of the Maliki school; compiler of the Muwatta; authority on Medinan practice,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"Malik ibn Anas (c. 711-795 CE) of Medina founded the Maliki school and authored the Muwatta, an early collection of hadith and law.",sage
ENT_ISL_MARID,Marid,,Islamic,Jinn subtype,Spirit Collective,rebellious jinn; sea; power,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic jinn subtype,2,0,0,Powerful and rebellious class of jinn.,spirit
ENT_ISL_MARUT,Marut,,Islamic,Angel,Angelic Being,testing; knowledge; Babylon,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Quranic angel figure,1,0,0,One of the Harut and Marut pair.,angel
ENT_ISL_MAYMUNA,Maymuna bint al-Harith,,Islamic,Mother of the Believers,Wife of the Prophet,last woman the Prophet married; aunt of Ibn Abbas and Khalid,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"The last woman Muhammad married, wed during the fulfilled compensatory pilgrimage (umrat al-qada) of 7 AH.",scriptural-figure
ENT_ISL_MIKAIL,Mikail,,Islamic,Angel,Angelic Being,provision; mercy; natural order,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic core angel,0,0,0,Michael in Islamic tradition.,angel
ENT_ISL_MUHAMMAD,Muhammad,,Islamic,Prophet,Seal of the Prophets,prophethood; the Quranic revelation; intercession,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,The Prophet of Islam,0,0,0,"The Prophet Muhammad, the Seal of the Prophets, recipient of the Quranic revelation.",prophet
ENT_ISL_MUNKAR,Munkar,,Islamic,Angel,Angelic Being,grave judgment; interrogation,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic angelology,1,1,0,Angel who questions the dead in the grave.,angel
ENT_ISL_MUSA,Musa (Moses),,Islamic,Prophet,Revealer Figure,prophecy; Torah; exodus; divine speech; lawgiver; Israelite equivalent,,,,B,,,,,,"Quranic prophet; the most frequently mentioned prophet in the Quran (136 times across 36 suras). Receives the Torah (Tawrat) from God; leads the Israelites from Egypt; speaks directly with God at the burning bush (Quran 20:9-48; 28:29-35). The Islamic Musa is the Quranic reception of the Hebrew Bible Moses (ENT_ISR_MOSES), substantially paralleling the Exodus narrative while incorporating Quranic theological reframing. One of the five Ulu al-Azm (Prophets of Firm Resolve).",prophet
ENT_ISL_NAKIR,Nakir,,Islamic,Angel,Angelic Being,grave judgment; interrogation,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic angelology,1,1,0,Angel who questions the dead in the grave.,angel
ENT_ISL_NUH,Nuh,,Islamic,Messenger (rasul),Islamic prophet,the Ark and the Flood; persistent call to monotheism; Ulu al-Azm,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,Nuh built the Ark at God's command and was saved with the believers from the Flood; the Islamic reception of Noah.,prophet
ENT_ISL_PROPHETS,The Prophets of Islam (Anbiya),,Islamic,Collective,Islamic prophetic collective,the line of prophets and messengers; revelation; pure monotheism (tawhid),,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"The collective of prophets named in the Qur'an, from Adam to Muhammad, sent to guide humanity to the worship of the one God.",collective
ENT_ISL_QARIN,Qarin,,Islamic,Companion spirit,Spirit Collective,companion spirit; temptation; personal influence,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic spirit entity,2,0,0,Personal companion spirit associated with influence or temptation.,spirit
ENT_ISL_RASHIDUN,The Rashidun — the Rightly-Guided Caliphs,,Islamic,Collective,Islamic companion,the first four caliphs; rightly-guided succession; the early Islamic state,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"The first four caliphs of Islam — Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali — regarded in Sunni tradition as the 'Rightly-Guided' successors of the Prophet (632-661 CE).",collective
ENT_ISL_RIDWAN,Ridwan,,Islamic,Angel,Angel of Paradise,the keeping of Paradise (Janna),,Islamic,,B,candidate_verified_name,Keeper of Paradise,0,0,0,"Ridwan, the angel who keeps the gates of Paradise.",angel
ENT_ISL_SAD_IBN_ABI_WAQQAS,Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas,,Islamic,Companion,Companion / Ten Promised Paradise,commander; victory over the Sasanians at al-Qadisiyya,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,One of the Ten Promised Paradise who commanded the army that defeated the Sasanian Persians at al-Qadisiyya.,hero
ENT_ISL_SAFIYYA,Safiyya bint Huyayy,,Islamic,Mother of the Believers,Wife of the Prophet,of Jewish descent (Banu Nadir); married after Khaybar,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"A noblewoman of the Jewish Banu Nadir and daughter of its chief, who became the Prophet's wife after the Battle of Khaybar.",scriptural-figure
ENT_ISL_SAHABA,The Sahaba — Companions of the Prophet,,Islamic,Collective,Islamic companion,companions of the Prophet; the first generation of Muslims; transmitters of the faith,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"The companions who knew, accompanied, or saw the Prophet Muhammad and embraced Islam, forming the first generation of Muslims and the chain of transmission for the faith.",collective
ENT_ISL_SAID_IBN_ZAYD,Sa'id ibn Zayd,,Islamic,Companion,Companion / Ten Promised Paradise,very early convert; brother-in-law of Umar,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"One of the Ten Promised Paradise, an early convert whose conversion (with his wife Fatima) preceded Umar's own.",hero
ENT_ISL_SALIH,Salih,,Islamic,Messenger (rasul),Islamic prophet,prophet to Thamud; the miraculous she-camel,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,Salih was sent to the Arabian people of Thamud with the sign of the she-camel; an Arabian prophet with no Biblical counterpart.,prophet
ENT_ISL_SALMAN,Salman al-Farsi,,Islamic,Companion,Islamic companion,Persian convert; strategist of the Trench; seeker of true religion,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"Salman the Persian, a companion who advised digging the defensive trench at the Battle of the Trench (627 CE) and was honored as a member of the Prophet's household.",hero
ENT_ISL_SAWDA,Sawda bint Zam'a,,Islamic,Mother of the Believers,Wife of the Prophet,first wife after Khadijah's death; early convert and Abyssinian emigrant,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"The first woman Muhammad married after Khadijah's death, who had earlier emigrated to Abyssinia with her first husband.",scriptural-figure
ENT_ISL_SHAYATIN,Shayatin,,Islamic,Adversarial collective,Adversarial Being,temptation; deception; demonic influence,,Islamic,,A,candidate_verified_name,Islamic adversarial collective,3,1,0,Demonic or adversarial spirits.,collective
ENT_ISL_SHAYTAN,Shaytan / Shayatin,,Islamic,Demon class,Adversarial being,temptation; rebellion; whispering (waswasa); deception,,folk,,B,candidate_verified_name,Abrahamic folk supernatural beings (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"The shayatin are the devils, the rebellious and tempting class of evil spirits led by Iblis; the Qur'an repeatedly names al-shaytan as humanity's open enemy who whispers temptation.",demon
ENT_ISL_SHUAYB,Shu'ayb,,Islamic,Messenger (rasul),Islamic prophet,prophet to Madyan; honest weights and measures; monotheism,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Shu'ayb was sent to the people of Madyan to enjoin honest dealing and monotheism; an Arabian prophet often linked, but not equated, with Jethro.",prophet
ENT_ISL_SILAT,Si'lat,,Islamic,Demon class,Adversarial being,cunning; seduction; shape-shifting; female jinn,,folk,,C,candidate_verified_name,Abrahamic folk supernatural beings (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"The si'lat (or si'la), a cunning, often female class of jinn in classical Arabian lore, sometimes paired with or distinguished from the ghul; sparsely and inconsistently described.",demon
ENT_ISL_SULAYMAN,Sulayman,,Islamic,Prophet,Islamic prophet,"prophet-king; command of wind, jinn, and animals; the Queen of Sheba",,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic scriptural figures (v1.70.0),0,0,0,"Sulayman, son of Dawud, was a prophet-king granted command over wind and jinn and knowledge of the speech of animals; the Islamic reception of Solomon.",prophet
ENT_ISL_TALHA,Talha ibn Ubaydullah,,Islamic,Companion,Companion / Ten Promised Paradise,early convert and warrior; shielded the Prophet at Uhud,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream backbone depth (v1.73.0),0,0,0,"One of the Ten Promised Paradise who famously shielded Muhammad at Uhud, sustaining wounds to his hand.",hero
ENT_ISL_TEN_PROMISED,The Ten Promised Paradise (al-Ashara al-Mubashshara),,Islamic,Collective,Islamic companion,ten companions promised paradise; elite companions,,regional,,A,candidate_verified_name,Mainstream Abrahamic backbone deepening (v1.72.0),0,0,0,"The ten companions whom the Prophet reportedly named as assured of paradise during their lifetimes, including Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali.",collective