entities: ENT_ARA_HADAD_DAMASCUS

The core table — every entity in the database, spanning gods, angels, demons, aeons, prophets, saints, heroes, spirits, monsters, personified abstractions, cosmological realms, and ritual categories. Use category to filter by functional type (146 values: Underworld Deity, Hero, Adversarial Being, Revealer Figure, etc.). Use tradition to filter by tradition. The short_note column contains a scholarly description with source citations.

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

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entity_id canonical_name greek_name tradition entity_type category primary_domains tags cult_scope primary_period evidence_confidence review_status inclusion_basis earth_association_score chthonic_flag serpent_flag short_note entity_class
ENT_ARA_HADAD_DAMASCUS Hadad of Damascus   Aramean storm deity / national god of Aram-Damascus Thunder Deity storm; thunder; rain; royal victory; national sovereignty; war       A           Hadad of Damascus (Aramaic Hadad, "thunderer"; theonym related to Ugaritic Haddu/Hadad, the proper name of Canaanite Baal) is the chief deity of Aram-Damascus, the most powerful of the Iron Age Aramean kingdoms (capital at Damascus, modern Syrian capital; the kingdom dominated Syria from c. 900 to 732 BCE). He is the Aramean national storm deity, directly continuous with the Canaanite Baal Hadad tradition but now serving as the divine patron of the Aramean state rather than the Canaanite city-states of the Bronze Age. His attestations include: the Aramaic Zakkur stele (c. 800 BCE, which invokes Baalshamin alongside Hadad's successors), the Melqart stele from Aleppo (c. 870 BCE, dedicated by Ben-Hadad of Damascus, naming Hadad and Melqart), the Tel Dan stele (c. 840 BCE, recording a victory of Hazael of Damascus citing divine favor), and repeated Old Testament references to the kings of Damascus bearing the divine name: Ben-Hadad I, II, III ("son of Hadad"), Hazael (whose name may invoke Hadad), and Hadadezer ("Hadad is my helper," 2 Samuel 8:3). The name "Hadad-Rimmon" in Zechariah 12:11 and the Assyrian practice of deporting the cult statue of "Hadad of Damascus" after the conquest of 732 BCE (Tiglath-Pileser III's annals) both confirm his central status. Lipiński (2000) pp. 567-577. deity

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