entities: ENT_EDO_QOS
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| entity_id | canonical_name | greek_name | tradition | entity_type | category | primary_domains | tags | cult_scope | primary_period | evidence_confidence | review_status | inclusion_basis | earth_association_score | chthonic_flag | serpent_flag | short_note | entity_class |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ENT_EDO_QOS | Qos | Edomite | National deity | Thunder Deity | thunderstorm; national sovereignty; war; divine bow; Edom | B | National deity of Edom; also spelled Qaus, Qoze, Qôs. The name does not appear as a divine name in the canonical Hebrew Bible — its divine status is inferred from Edomite personal names recovered from Iron Age II and Persian-period inscriptions: Qos-gabr ("Qos is mighty," Edomite king named in Assyrian annals of Esarhaddon and Assurbanipal, 7th c. BCE), Qos-malk, Qos-yada, and dozens of others found at Buseirah (biblical Bozrah), Umm el-Biyara, Horvat Qitmit, and En Hazeva. The onomastic pattern is the same as Milkom-theophoric names for Ammon and Kemosh-theophoric for Moab: the national deity name embedded in royal and elite personal names signals the deity's supreme status. Qos is generally classified as a thunderstorm deity — the name may connect to the Semitic root *qws (to shoot a bow), suggesting a warrior-archer aspect; alternatively related to Quzah, the pre-Islamic Arabian storm deity. The Horvat Qitmit Edomite sanctuary (7th–6th c. BCE; Beit Arieh 1995) provides archaeological evidence of Edomite cult practice without naming Qos directly. Bartlett (1989) pp. 199-205; DDD Bible, "Qaus" entry. | deity |
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