entity_id,period_id,confidence,rationale,source_id,review_status
ENT_ARAB_AL_FALS,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,"Idol of the Tayyiʾ tribe, a reddish rock outcrop on Jabal Aja serving as a place of asylum, described in Ibn al-Kalbi.",SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_DHUL_KHALASA,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,"White quartz betyl and oracular sanctuary at Tabala in Yemen, 'the Yemeni Kaʿba,' venerated by Daws, Khathʿam and Bajila per Ibn al-Kalbi.",SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_ISAF,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,"Idol at the Kaʿba; in tradition a man petrified for sacrilege, paired with Nāʾila, attested in Ibn al-Kalbi at al-Safa/al-Marwa.",SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_KAABA_IDOLS,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,Collective of the betyls and idols of the Hijaz and wider Arabia catalogued in Ibn al-Kalbi's Kitab al-Asnam and reflected in Qurʾan 71:23.,SRC_QURAN,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_MANAF,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,Meccan deity whose name survives in the Quraysh name ʿAbd Manaf; listed among the gods of Mecca in Ibn al-Kalbi.,SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_NAILA,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,"Female idol at the Kaʿba, paired with Isāf as a petrified couple, attested in Ibn al-Kalbi at al-Safa/al-Marwa.",SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_NUHM,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,Deity of the Muzayna tribe whose name survives in the theophoric ʿAbd Nuhm; listed in Ibn al-Kalbi.,SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_QUZAH,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,Storm/rainbow deity associated with the hill Quzaḥ at Muzdalifa near Mecca; Arabic qaws Quzaḥ ('Quzaḥ's bow' = rainbow) preserves his name.,SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_RUDA,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,North Arabian astral deity (Venus) attested in Thamudic and Safaitic inscriptions and named in Assyrian records as 'Ruldaiu'; also in Ibn al-Kalbi.,SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_SAD,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,"A tall rock idol of the Banu Milkan (Kinana) on which sacrificial blood was poured, attested in Ibn al-Kalbi.",SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_SUWA,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,One of the five antediluvian idols of Qurʾan 71:23; later the idol of the Hudhayl tribe at Ruhat per Ibn al-Kalbi.,SRC_QURAN,reviewed
ENT_ARAB_YAUQ,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,One of the five antediluvian idols of Qurʾan 71:23 ('the preventer/protector'); horse-formed idol of Hamdan at Khaywan in Yemen per Ibn al-Kalbi.,SRC_QURAN,reviewed
ENT_ARA_ALLAT,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,Al-Lat attested from c. 5th c. BCE (Herodotus 3.8) through the Islamic conquest (622 CE),SRC_HERODOTUS_HISTORIES,reviewed
ENT_ARA_AL_UZZA,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,Al-Uzza's Nabataean inscriptions date from the 1st c. BCE; worship continued to the Islamic conquest,SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION,reviewed
ENT_ARA_DUSHARA,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,Dushara attested from the Nabataean kingdom (4th c. BCE) through the Roman period (106 CE),SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION,reviewed
ENT_ARA_HUBAL,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,Hubal as the chief Meccan deity in the period immediately before Islam; Ibn al-Kalbi is the primary source,SRC_ELIADE_ER,reviewed
ENT_ARA_MANAT,PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC,high,Manat attested in pre-Islamic Arabian tradition through the Quranic condemnation (622 CE),SRC_QURAN,reviewed