entity_id,period_id,confidence,rationale,source_id,review_status
ENT_JM_BESHT,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Israel ben Eliezer (c.1698-1760), the 'Baal Shem Tov' (Master of the Good Name), founder of Hasidism; emphasized joyful devotion (devekut) and the divine presence in all things. Known through the hagiographic Shivhei ha-Besht.",SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT,reviewed
ENT_JM_CHAYYIM_VOLOZHIN,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Chayyim of Volozhin (1749-1821), foremost disciple of the Vilna Gaon and founder of the Volozhin yeshiva; his Nefesh ha-Chayyim gave the Mitnagdic movement its kabbalistic-intellectual theology.",SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH,reviewed
ENT_JM_DOV_BER,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Dov Ber of Mezeritch (c.1704-1772), 'the Great Maggid,' chief disciple and successor of the Baal Shem Tov who organized Hasidism into a movement and trained the generation of rebbes who spread it.",SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT,reviewed
ENT_JM_ELIMELECH,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Elimelech of Lizhensk (1717-1787), disciple of Dov Ber whose Noam Elimelech articulated the doctrine of the tzaddik as channel of divine blessing, shaping Polish-Galician Hasidism.",SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH,reviewed
ENT_JM_HASIDISM,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"The Hasidic movement of devotional mysticism arising in 18th-century Eastern Europe, founded by the Baal Shem Tov and spread through successive rebbes.",SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT,reviewed
ENT_JM_JACOB_JOSEPH,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Jacob Joseph of Polonne (d. c.1782), disciple of the Baal Shem Tov and the first to record his teachings in print (Toldot Yaakov Yosef), the earliest Hasidic book.",SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT,reviewed
ENT_JM_LEVI_YITZHAK,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Levi Yitzhak of Berditchev (1740-1809), disciple of Dov Ber and beloved Hasidic rebbe famed as the compassionate 'defender' of Israel before God; author of Kedushat Levi.",SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH,reviewed
ENT_JM_NACHMAN,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Nachman of Breslov (1772-1810), great-grandson of the Baal Shem Tov and founder of Breslov Hasidism; taught hitbodedut (secluded prayer) and composed mystical tales.",SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH,reviewed
ENT_JM_NATHAN_GAZA,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Abraham Nathan ben Elisha Hayyim Ashkenazi (1643-1680), 'Nathan of Gaza,' the prophet and theologian of the Sabbatean movement who proclaimed Sabbatai Zevi as messiah and built its Lurianic-based theology, including after the apostasy.",SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH,reviewed
ENT_JM_SABBATAI_ZEVI,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Sabbatai Zevi (1626-1676), the self-proclaimed Jewish messiah whose movement convulsed Jewry in 1665-66; he converted to Islam under Ottoman threat, splitting his followers. Drew on Lurianic redemption theology.",SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH,reviewed
ENT_JM_SABBATEANS,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"The 17th-century messianic movement that proclaimed Sabbatai Zevi as the messiah, drawing on Lurianic eschatology and erupting in 1665-66.",SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH,reviewed
ENT_JM_SCHNEUR_ZALMAN,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Schneur Zalman of Liadi (1745-1812), disciple of Dov Ber and founder of Chabad (Lubavitch) Hasidism; author of the Tanya, which fused Lurianic Kabbalah with an intellectual contemplative path.",SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH,reviewed
ENT_JM_VILNA_GAON,PER_EARLY_MODERN,high,"Elijah ben Solomon Zalman (1720-1797), 'the Vilna Gaon,' the supreme Lithuanian Talmudist and kabbalist; leader of the Mitnagdim who fiercely opposed the rise of Hasidism, issuing bans against it.",SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH,reviewed