Entity Periods

Period assignments linking entities to the historical periods when they are attested. An entity may span multiple periods. All Greek entities are assigned; Egyptian tradition is fully covered; total coverage exceeds 70%.

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

confidence
{'description': 'high / medium / low — certainty of the period assignment'}
rationale
{'description': 'Justification with source citations'}

16 rows where period_id = "PER_ALEVI"

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Link entity_id period_id confidence rationale source_id review_status
ENT_ALV_ABDALAN_RUM,PER_ALEVI Abdalan-i Rum (Abdals of Anatolia) ENT_ALV_ABDALAN_RUM Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The wandering antinomian dervish groups of medieval Anatolia among whom the Bektashi tradition crystallized; matrix of Alevi-Bektashi formation. Attested; Karamustafa, God's Unruly Friends. SRC_KARAMUSTAFA_GODS reviewed
ENT_ALV_BALIM_SULTAN,PER_ALEVI Balim Sultan ENT_ALV_BALIM_SULTAN Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high Early-16th-c. saint called the 'second pir' (pir-i sani) credited with systematizing Bektashi ritual and organization at the Pir Evi (Haji Bektash lodge). Attested; Birge. SRC_BIRGE_BEKTASHI reviewed
ENT_ALV_BUYRUK,PER_ALEVI Buyruk (the Book of Command) ENT_ALV_BUYRUK Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The Buyruk, the body of Alevi-Bektashi doctrinal texts transmitting belief, the cem, and the path; ascribed in tradition to Ja'far al-Sadiq / Shaykh Safi lineages. Attested manuscript tradition. SRC_DRESSLER_WRITING reviewed
ENT_ALV_CEM,PER_ALEVI Cem (the gathering) ENT_ALV_CEM Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The central Alevi-Bektashi communal worship gathering led by a dede, modeled on the primordial Kirklar assembly; includes the semah. Publicly attested ritual category (interiors not modeled). Shankland; Birge. SRC_SHANKLAND_ALEVIS reviewed
ENT_ALV_DEDE,PER_ALEVI Dede (spiritual guide) ENT_ALV_DEDE Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The hereditary spiritual leader of an Alevi community, drawn from sacred lineages (ocak) tracing descent to the Ahl al-Bayt; presides over the cem. Attested institution; Shankland, Dressler. SRC_SHANKLAND_ALEVIS reviewed
ENT_ALV_HAJI_BEKTASH,PER_ALEVI Haji Bektash Veli (Alevi-Bektashi veneration) ENT_ALV_HAJI_BEKTASH Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The 13th-c. Anatolian saint venerated as pir and patron of the Alevi-Bektashi path; the Alevi reception of the historical figure recorded at ENT_SUF_BEKTASH. Velayetname hagiography; Birge. SRC_BIRGE_BEKTASHI reviewed
ENT_ALV_HIZIR,PER_ALEVI Hizir (Alevi veneration) ENT_ALV_HIZIR Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The Alevi veneration of Hizir (Khidr) as the ever-living helper invoked in distress, honored with the Hizir fast; the Alevi reception of the figure at ENT_ISL_KHIDR. Attested in Alevi practice. SRC_SHANKLAND_ALEVIS reviewed
ENT_ALV_KAYGUSUZ,PER_ALEVI Kaygusuz Abdal ENT_ALV_KAYGUSUZ Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high Late-14th/15th-c. dervish poet, a foundational Bektashi literary saint whose verse shaped the tradition's hymnody. Attested Bektashi poet; Birge, Karamustafa. SRC_KARAMUSTAFA_GODS reviewed
ENT_ALV_KIRKLAR,PER_ALEVI Kirklar Meclisi (Assembly of the Forty) ENT_ALV_KIRKLAR Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The Forty Saints (Kirklar) whose primordial assembly, presided over by Ali, is the mythic archetype of the cem ceremony; central Alevi-Bektashi collective. Attested in Birge and Alevi buyruk lore. Cohort hub. SRC_BIRGE_BEKTASHI reviewed
ENT_ALV_KIZILBASH,PER_ALEVI Kizilbash (Qizilbash, Alevi forebears) ENT_ALV_KIZILBASH Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The Kizilbash, the Safavid-allied heterodox Anatolian Turkmen devotees of Ali and the Safavid shaykhs, the historical antecedent of modern Alevis. Attested; Dressler, Karamustafa. SRC_DRESSLER_WRITING reviewed
ENT_ALV_MUHARREM,PER_ALEVI Muharrem / Matem (Alevi mourning) ENT_ALV_MUHARREM Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The Alevi twelve-day Muharrem mourning fast (matem) commemorating Husayn's martyrdom at Karbala and the Twelve Imams, ended by Ashura. Publicly attested observance; Shankland. SRC_SHANKLAND_ALEVIS reviewed
ENT_ALV_OCAK,PER_ALEVI Ocak (sacred lineage) ENT_ALV_OCAK Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The system of sacred hearths/lineages from which dedes descend, claiming genealogical connection to the Imams and saints; organizes Alevi sacred authority. Attested; Dressler. SRC_DRESSLER_WRITING reviewed
ENT_ALV_PIR_SULTAN,PER_ALEVI Pir Sultan Abdal ENT_ALV_PIR_SULTAN Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high 16th-c. Alevi saint-poet (asik) executed by Ottoman authorities; his nefes hymns are central to Alevi devotional repertoire and identity. Attested poet of the Kizilbash-Alevi milieu. SRC_SHANKLAND_ALEVIS reviewed
ENT_ALV_SEMAH,PER_ALEVI Semah ENT_ALV_SEMAH Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The ritual turning movement performed during the cem, understood as imitating the turning of the Forty and the cosmos. UNESCO-recognized; publicly attested. Birge. SRC_BIRGE_BEKTASHI reviewed
ENT_ALV_TRINITY,PER_ALEVI Allah-Muhammad-Ali (the Alevi triad) ENT_ALV_TRINITY Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The Alevi-Bektashi understanding of divine unity expressed in the formula Hak-Muhammad-Ali, in which Ali is venerated as the locus of divine manifestation; doctrinally distinct from Sunni Islam. Attested in Birge and Dressler. SRC_DRESSLER_WRITING reviewed
ENT_ALV_TWELVE_IMAMS,PER_ALEVI The Twelve Imams (Alevi veneration / On Iki Imam) ENT_ALV_TWELVE_IMAMS Alevi-Bektashi (Anatolian) PER_ALEVI high The Twelve Imams as venerated in Alevi-Bektashi devotion (On Iki Imam), commemorated in the Muharrem mourning and matem fast; the Alevi reception of the Shi'a Imamate (cf. ENT_ISL_INFALLIBLES / ENT_ISL_AHL_BAYT). Attested. SRC_DRESSLER_WRITING reviewed

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CREATE TABLE "entity_periods" (
   [entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT,
   [review_status] TEXT,
   PRIMARY KEY ([entity_id], [period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_period_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_entity_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([entity_id]);