Entity Periods

Period assignments linking entities to the historical periods when they are attested. An entity may span multiple periods. All Greek entities are assigned; Egyptian tradition is fully covered; total coverage exceeds 70%.

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

confidence
{'description': 'high / medium / low — certainty of the period assignment'}
rationale
{'description': 'Justification with source citations'}

13 rows where period_id = "PER_EARLY_MODERN"

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Link entity_id period_id confidence rationale source_id review_status
ENT_JM_BESHT,PER_EARLY_MODERN Baal Shem Tov (Israel ben Eliezer) ENT_JM_BESHT Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Israel ben Eliezer (c.1698-1760), the 'Baal Shem Tov' (Master of the Good Name), founder of Hasidism; emphasized joyful devotion (devekut) and the divine presence in all things. Known through the hagiographic Shivhei ha-Besht. SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT reviewed
ENT_JM_CHAYYIM_VOLOZHIN,PER_EARLY_MODERN Chayyim of Volozhin ENT_JM_CHAYYIM_VOLOZHIN Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Chayyim of Volozhin (1749-1821), foremost disciple of the Vilna Gaon and founder of the Volozhin yeshiva; his Nefesh ha-Chayyim gave the Mitnagdic movement its kabbalistic-intellectual theology. SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed
ENT_JM_DOV_BER,PER_EARLY_MODERN Dov Ber of Mezeritch (the Maggid) ENT_JM_DOV_BER Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Dov Ber of Mezeritch (c.1704-1772), 'the Great Maggid,' chief disciple and successor of the Baal Shem Tov who organized Hasidism into a movement and trained the generation of rebbes who spread it. SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT reviewed
ENT_JM_ELIMELECH,PER_EARLY_MODERN Elimelech of Lizhensk ENT_JM_ELIMELECH Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Elimelech of Lizhensk (1717-1787), disciple of Dov Ber whose Noam Elimelech articulated the doctrine of the tzaddik as channel of divine blessing, shaping Polish-Galician Hasidism. SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed
ENT_JM_HASIDISM,PER_EARLY_MODERN Hasidism ENT_JM_HASIDISM Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high The Hasidic movement of devotional mysticism arising in 18th-century Eastern Europe, founded by the Baal Shem Tov and spread through successive rebbes. SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT reviewed
ENT_JM_JACOB_JOSEPH,PER_EARLY_MODERN Jacob Joseph of Polonne ENT_JM_JACOB_JOSEPH Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Jacob Joseph of Polonne (d. c.1782), disciple of the Baal Shem Tov and the first to record his teachings in print (Toldot Yaakov Yosef), the earliest Hasidic book. SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT reviewed
ENT_JM_LEVI_YITZHAK,PER_EARLY_MODERN Levi Yitzhak of Berditchev ENT_JM_LEVI_YITZHAK Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Levi Yitzhak of Berditchev (1740-1809), disciple of Dov Ber and beloved Hasidic rebbe famed as the compassionate 'defender' of Israel before God; author of Kedushat Levi. SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed
ENT_JM_NACHMAN,PER_EARLY_MODERN Nachman of Breslov ENT_JM_NACHMAN Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Nachman of Breslov (1772-1810), great-grandson of the Baal Shem Tov and founder of Breslov Hasidism; taught hitbodedut (secluded prayer) and composed mystical tales. SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed
ENT_JM_NATHAN_GAZA,PER_EARLY_MODERN Nathan of Gaza ENT_JM_NATHAN_GAZA Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Abraham Nathan ben Elisha Hayyim Ashkenazi (1643-1680), 'Nathan of Gaza,' the prophet and theologian of the Sabbatean movement who proclaimed Sabbatai Zevi as messiah and built its Lurianic-based theology, including after the apostasy. SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed
ENT_JM_SABBATAI_ZEVI,PER_EARLY_MODERN Sabbatai Zevi ENT_JM_SABBATAI_ZEVI Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Sabbatai Zevi (1626-1676), the self-proclaimed Jewish messiah whose movement convulsed Jewry in 1665-66; he converted to Islam under Ottoman threat, splitting his followers. Drew on Lurianic redemption theology. SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed
ENT_JM_SABBATEANS,PER_EARLY_MODERN Sabbateans ENT_JM_SABBATEANS Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high The 17th-century messianic movement that proclaimed Sabbatai Zevi as the messiah, drawing on Lurianic eschatology and erupting in 1665-66. SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed
ENT_JM_SCHNEUR_ZALMAN,PER_EARLY_MODERN Schneur Zalman of Liadi ENT_JM_SCHNEUR_ZALMAN Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Schneur Zalman of Liadi (1745-1812), disciple of Dov Ber and founder of Chabad (Lubavitch) Hasidism; author of the Tanya, which fused Lurianic Kabbalah with an intellectual contemplative path. SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed
ENT_JM_VILNA_GAON,PER_EARLY_MODERN Elijah of Vilna (the Vilna Gaon) ENT_JM_VILNA_GAON Early Modern PER_EARLY_MODERN high Elijah ben Solomon Zalman (1720-1797), 'the Vilna Gaon,' the supreme Lithuanian Talmudist and kabbalist; leader of the Mitnagdim who fiercely opposed the rise of Hasidism, issuing bans against it. SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed

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CREATE TABLE "entity_periods" (
   [entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT,
   [review_status] TEXT,
   PRIMARY KEY ([entity_id], [period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_period_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_entity_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([entity_id]);