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Entity Periods

Period assignments linking entities to the historical periods when they are attested. An entity may span multiple periods. All Greek entities are assigned; Egyptian tradition is fully covered; total coverage exceeds 70%.

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

confidence
{'description': 'high / medium / low — certainty of the period assignment'}
rationale
{'description': 'Justification with source citations'}

86 rows where period_id = "PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM"

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Link entity_id period_id confidence rationale source_id review_status
ENT_EGY_AKER,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Aker ENT_EGY_AKER Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Aker (the earth/horizon deity who guards the passage of the solar bark) is attested in the Pyramid Texts as the dual-headed lion deity of the eastern and western horizons SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_ANDJETY,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Andjety ENT_EGY_ANDJETY Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_ANHUR,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Anhur ENT_EGY_ANHUR Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Anhur attested from the Pyramid Texts (Old Kingdom, c. 2375 BCE) through the Greco-Roman period when identified with Ares (Onuris). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_ANUBIS,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Anubis ENT_EGY_ANUBIS Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Early funerary deity. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS candidate_verified_name
ENT_EGY_ANUKET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Anuket ENT_EGY_ANUKET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Anuket (Anukis; "the embracer") is attested from the Old Kingdom at Elephantine and the Nile cataracts; she is identified as the daughter of Khnum and Satet in the Elephantine triad; her earliest significant attestation is in Old Kingdom dedicatory inscriptions from the Elephantine region SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_ASH,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Ash ENT_EGY_ASH Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Ash appears in the Pyramid Texts as a protective deity of the Western Desert regions; his role as a seth-animal deity who guards the western lands connects him to the cosmic geography of the Old Kingdom funerary tradition SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_ATUM,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Atum ENT_EGY_ATUM Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Atum is massively attested in the Pyramid Texts (c. 2375-2181 BCE) as the Heliopolitan creator deity; PT Utterance 600 describes his creation of Shu and Tefnut; he is the apex of the Ennead genealogy and the primordial self-created deity of Heliopolis SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_BABI,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Babi ENT_EGY_BABI Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM B Baboon netherworld being attested in funerary literature. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS candidate_verified_name
ENT_EGY_BASTET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Bastet ENT_EGY_BASTET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Bastet is attested from the 2nd Dynasty at Bubastis; the Pyramid Texts reference her; her cat goddess identity develops through the Old Kingdom; she is one of the oldest Lower Egyptian deities SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_DEDWEN,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Dedwen ENT_EGY_DEDWEN Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_DUAMUTEF,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Duamutef ENT_EGY_DUAMUTEF Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Duamutef (the jackal-headed Son of Horus; "he who worships his mother") guards the stomach; named in the Pyramid Texts alongside his three brothers; the canopic jar system has Old Kingdom roots even if full standardization comes in the New Kingdom SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_DUAT,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Duat ENT_EGY_DUAT Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high The Duat (the Egyptian netherworld / afterlife realm) is extensively described in the Pyramid Texts; the concept of the Duat as the region through which Ra travels at night and where the dead are judged is foundational to Old Kingdom funerary theology SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_DUNANWI,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Dunanwi ENT_EGY_DUNANWI Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Falcon tutelary of the 18th Upper Egyptian nome, named in the Pyramid Texts and later largely assimilated to Horus. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_FOUR_SONS_OF_HORUS,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Four Sons of Horus ENT_EGY_FOUR_SONS_OF_HORUS Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high The Four Sons of Horus are named as a divine group in the Pyramid Texts (e.g. PT Utterance 552, § 1360); each guards one of the four cardinal directions; their role as guardians of the deceased king's viscera is established here in its earliest surviving form SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_GEB,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Geb ENT_EGY_GEB Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Geb (earth god) is attested throughout the Pyramid Texts as the son of Shu and Tefnut, spouse of Nut, and father of the second generation of the Ennead (Osiris, Isis, Seth, Nephthys) SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HA,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Ha ENT_EGY_HA Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HAPY_NILE,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Hapy ENT_EGY_HAPY_NILE Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Hapy (the Nile inundation deity) is attested in the Pyramid Texts; the "Hymn to Hapy" (a Middle Kingdom text preserved in later copies) is the most elaborate expression of his cult but his Old Kingdom attestation is secure SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HAPY_SON_OF_HORUS,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Hapy Son of Horus ENT_EGY_HAPY_SON_OF_HORUS Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Hapy Son of Horus (baboon-headed; distinct from Hapy the Nile god) is named in the Pyramid Texts; guards the lungs; PT Utterance 552 and the canopic jar system establish the Old Kingdom attestation SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HARAKHTY,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Harakhty ENT_EGY_HARAKHTY Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Harakhty ("Horus of the two horizons") is attested in the Pyramid Texts; PT Utterance 266 names Ra-Harakhty as the solar falcon at the horizon; Old Kingdom solar theology identifies the rising and setting sun as Horus at the horizon; his name appears in the nomen of Khafra and in pyramid texts SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HAROERIS,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Haroeris ENT_EGY_HAROERIS Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Haroeris is attested in the Pyramid Texts and Old Kingdom texts; his cult at Letopolis (Kom Ausim) is one of the oldest Horus cult centers; the two-eyed (solar + lunar) aspect of Haroeris is established in Old Kingdom theology SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HARSIESE,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Harsiese ENT_EGY_HARSIESE Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Harsiese (Horus son of Isis; Hor-sa-Iset) is attested in the Pyramid Texts where the deceased king is identified with this specific Horus form as the posthumous child who avenges his father Osiris; PT Utterances repeatedly identify the king as "Horus, son of Osiris and Isis" SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HATHOR,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Hathor ENT_EGY_HATHOR Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Hathor is extensively attested in the Pyramid Texts; the 4th Dynasty pharaohs adopted the epithet "son of Hathor" at Dendera; her identification as the "Eye of Ra" and her role as the goddess of joy, love, and music are established in the Old Kingdom SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HEDEDET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Hededet ENT_EGY_HEDEDET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Scorpion goddess named in the Pyramid Texts, a protective scorpion power later assimilated to Isis. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HEKA,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Heka ENT_EGY_HEKA Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HEKET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Heket ENT_EGY_HEKET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Heket (frog goddess of fertility and childbirth) is attested in the Pyramid Texts; she assists at the births of gods and kings; her role in the Pyramid Texts as a birth-helper is established in the Old Kingdom SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HENKHISESUI,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Henkhisesui ENT_EGY_HENKHISESUI Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Personification of the east wind, one of the cardinal-wind deities, attested as a ram- or scarab-form figure and linked to Anhur. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HEQAIB,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Heqaib ENT_EGY_HEQAIB Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HERYSHAF,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Heryshaf ENT_EGY_HERYSHAF Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Heryshaf ("He who is upon his lake") is the principal deity of Herakleopolis Magna (ancient Henen-nesut / Ihnasya el-Medina); attested from Old Kingdom inscriptions; he is a ram-headed creator and fertility deity associated with the primordial lake; Old Kingdom temples at Herakleopolis document his early cult SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_HU,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Hu ENT_EGY_HU Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM medium Hu (divine utterance/creative word) is attested in the Pyramid Texts alongside Sia; both personify aspects of the divine creative faculty; Hu is the utterance by which Ra and Ptah create SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_IABET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Iabet ENT_EGY_IABET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Goddess personifying the East (Iabtet), counterpart of Imentet the West, attested from the Old Kingdom and associated with the rising sun. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_IAH,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Iah ENT_EGY_IAH Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Iah attested in the Pyramid Texts as the primary lunar deity of the Old Kingdom period SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_IGAI,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Igai ENT_EGY_IGAI Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_IHY,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Ihy ENT_EGY_IHY Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Ihy (the sistrum-player; child god of music and joy) is named in the Pyramid Texts (PT Utterance 334: "Ihy, son of Hathor, golden one"); he represents the ecstatic joy produced by Hathor's sistrum; the Dendera cult of Ihy as divine child is the New Kingdom/Ptolemaic elaboration of an Old Kingdom foundation SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_IMENTET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Imentet ENT_EGY_IMENTET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Goddess of the West and the realm of the dead, wearing the West (imnt) emblem on her head, attested from the Old Kingdom and closely linked to Hathor. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_IMHOTEP,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Imhotep ENT_EGY_IMHOTEP Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_IMSETY,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Imsety ENT_EGY_IMSETY Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Imsety (the human-headed Son of Horus) is named in the Pyramid Texts; PT Utterance 552; the liver-guarding role is established from the Old Kingdom funerary tradition; the canopic jar for the liver is among the earliest attested SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_ISIS,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Isis ENT_EGY_ISIS Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Isis is attested in the Pyramid Texts as the daughter of Geb and Nut, wife of Osiris, and mother of Horus; her role as the divine mourner who resurrects Osiris is central to Old Kingdom funerary theology SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_ISI_EDFU,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Isi of Edfu ENT_EGY_ISI_EDFU Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_KHENTAMENTIU,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Khentamentiu ENT_EGY_KHENTAMENTIU Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_KHENTIKHETI,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Khenti-kheti ENT_EGY_KHENTIKHETI Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Local god of Athribis (10th Lower Egyptian nome), originally crocodile-form and later falcon-form (Horus-Khenti-kheti), attested from the Old Kingdom. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_KHENTYIRTY,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Khenty-irty ENT_EGY_KHENTYIRTY Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Falcon god of Letopolis appearing as Khenty-irty ('Foremost of the Two Eyes')/Khenty-khety; attested from the Old Kingdom and linked to the waxing and waning of celestial light. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_KHEPRI,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Khepri ENT_EGY_KHEPRI Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Khepri (the scarab beetle sun deity, representing the rising morning sun) is attested in the Pyramid Texts as the self-created dawn aspect of the solar cycle, alongside Ra (noon) and Atum (setting sun) SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_KHERTY,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Kherty ENT_EGY_KHERTY Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_KHNUM,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Khnum ENT_EGY_KHNUM Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Khnum of Elephantine is attested in Old Kingdom texts as the ram-headed creator who fashions humans on his potter's wheel; his Elephantine triad (Khnum, Satet, Anuket) is established in the Old Kingdom SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_KHONSU,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Khonsu ENT_EGY_KHONSU Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM medium Khonsu appears in the Pyramid Texts in a violent aspect as a deity who consumes the hearts of the dead (PT 580); his role as the benevolent moon deity of the Theban Triad develops in the Middle and New Kingdoms; Old Kingdom attestation is limited SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_MAAT,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Maat ENT_EGY_MAAT Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Central concept and goddess of cosmic order across Egyptian religion. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS candidate_verified_name
ENT_EGY_MAFDET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Mafdet ENT_EGY_MAFDET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Early protective goddess associated with royal and anti-venomous power. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS candidate_verified_name
ENT_EGY_MEHEN,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Mehen ENT_EGY_MEHEN Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM B Serpent protective deity attested early and developed in funerary/solar contexts. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS candidate_verified_name
ENT_EGY_MEHETWERET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Mehet-Weret ENT_EGY_MEHETWERET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_MONTU,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Montu ENT_EGY_MONTU Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Montu is attested in the Pyramid Texts as the falcon-headed war deity of Thebes; he was the primary Theban patron deity before Amun rose to prominence; his cult at Medamud, Tod, and Armant is established in the Old Kingdom SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_NEBETHETEPET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Nebethetepet ENT_EGY_NEBETHETEPET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Heliopolitan goddess ('Mistress of the Offering/Contentment') personifying the creative hand of Atum, associated with Iusaaset and Hathor from the Old Kingdom onward. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_NEFERTEM,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Nefertem ENT_EGY_NEFERTEM Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM medium Nefertem (lotus deity, son of Ptah and Sekhmet in the Memphis Triad) is attested in the Pyramid Texts; his identification with the primordial lotus of creation links him to Old Kingdom cosmology SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_NEHEBUKAU,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Nehebkau ENT_EGY_NEHEBUKAU Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM B Serpent deity attested in early funerary theology. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS candidate_verified_name
ENT_EGY_NEPHTHYS,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Nephthys ENT_EGY_NEPHTHYS Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Nephthys is attested in the Pyramid Texts as the daughter of Geb and Nut and the twin sister of Isis; she assists Isis in the mourning and resurrection of Osiris; her role as a protective funerary goddess is established in the Old Kingdom SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_NUT,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Nut ENT_EGY_NUT Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Nut (sky goddess) is attested throughout the Pyramid Texts as the daughter of Shu and Tefnut and the mother of Osiris, Isis, Seth, and Nephthys; she arches over Geb to form the sky, and the deceased pharaoh is received into her body for rebirth SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_OGDOAD,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Ogdoad ENT_EGY_OGDOAD Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM medium The Ogdoad (eight primordial deities of Hermopolis Magna: Nun/Naunet, Amun/Amaunet, Heh/Hauhet, Kuk/Kauket — representing primordial water, hiddenness, infinity, and darkness) has roots in Old Kingdom theology; the individual members Nun and Amun appear in the Pyramid Texts; the full systematization as an "eight" (Hmnyw, the Ogdoad) is attested from this period SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_OSIRIS,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Osiris ENT_EGY_OSIRIS Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Royal funerary theology. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS candidate_verified_name
ENT_EGY_PTAH,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Ptah ENT_EGY_PTAH Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Ptah is the patron deity of Memphis, the Old Kingdom royal capital; the Memphite Theology (preserved in the Shabaka Stone, a Late Period copy of an Old Kingdom original) establishes him as the creator who creates by thought and word; he appears in the Pyramid Texts SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_QEBEHSENUEF,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Qebehsenuef ENT_EGY_QEBEHSENUEF Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Qebehsenuef (the falcon-headed Son of Horus; "he who refreshes his brothers") guards the intestines; named in the Pyramid Texts; Old Kingdom funerary tradition is the primary attestation period SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_RA,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Ra ENT_EGY_RA Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Major solar deity attested in Old Kingdom sources. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS candidate_verified_name
ENT_EGY_RERET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Reret ENT_EGY_RERET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Reret ("the Sow") is an Old Kingdom hippopotamus goddess; she is associated with the constellation the Egyptians called "the Hippopotamus" (corresponding to Draco in modern astronomy); attested in Old Kingdom astronomical ceiling texts and protective amulet traditions; the hippopotamus as a protective deity figure is among the oldest Egyptian theological forms SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SAH,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Sah ENT_EGY_SAH Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SATET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Satet ENT_EGY_SATET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Satet appears in the Pyramid Texts (PT Utterance 508: "Satis purifies you with water from Elephantine"); her role as the goddess who pours the purifying Nile flood waters over the deceased king is established in the Old Kingdom funerary corpus SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SEFKHETABWY,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Sefkhet-Abwy ENT_EGY_SEFKHETABWY Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high 'She of the Seven Horns', a form/aspect of the writing goddess associated with the foundation-ceremony 'stretching of the cord', attested from the Old Kingdom alongside Seshat. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SEKER,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Seker ENT_EGY_SEKER Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Seker (Sokar) is an ancient Memphite funerary deity attested from the Old Kingdom; his festival (the Sokar festival) is one of the oldest Egyptian religious celebrations; he is paired with Ptah in the Memphis funerary tradition SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SEKHMET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Sekhmet ENT_EGY_SEKHMET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Sekhmet is attested in the Pyramid Texts as the fierce lioness goddess of war and pestilence; her Memphis connections (as Ptah's consort) establish her in the Old Kingdom theological landscape SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SEPA,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Sepa ENT_EGY_SEPA Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Centipede god of Heliopolis invoked against venomous creatures; attested from the Old Kingdom and later identified with Osiris. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SERET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Seret ENT_EGY_SERET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Lioness goddess associated with a Delta locality, one of the archaic feline tutelaries grouped with Bastet and Sekhmet. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SERQET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Serqet ENT_EGY_SERQET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Serqet (scorpion goddess) is attested in the Pyramid Texts as a protective deity who guards Osiris and assists the dead; she is one of the four canopic jar goddesses SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SESHAT,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Seshat ENT_EGY_SESHAT Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Seshat is attested from the Old Kingdom Pyramid Texts and in royal foundation ceremonies; her role as divine record-keeper, measurer, and scribe of the gods is established in the Old Kingdom SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SHESMETET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Shesmetet ENT_EGY_SHESMETET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Shesmetet is attested in the Pyramid Texts (PT Utterance 317, § 508: Shesmetet protects the king); a fierce lioness-goddess connected to the protective sekhmet-type tradition; the Pyramid Texts are her earliest textual attestation; her role as the necklace (shesmet) deity connects her to protective amulet theology SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SHESMU,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Shesmu ENT_EGY_SHESMU Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM B Ambivalent funerary deity attested in early mortuary theology. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS candidate_verified_name
ENT_EGY_SHU,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Shu ENT_EGY_SHU Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Shu (god of air and light) is attested throughout the Pyramid Texts as the first offspring of Atum and the father of Geb and Nut; his cosmological role as the air that separates sky from earth is foundational to Old Kingdom theology SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SIA,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Sia ENT_EGY_SIA Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM medium Sia (divine perception/understanding) is attested in the Pyramid Texts alongside Hu (divine utterance) as personifications of the divine cognitive faculties of Ra and Ptah; their appearance as companion deities on the solar bark is an Old Kingdom concept SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SOBEK,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Sobek ENT_EGY_SOBEK Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Sobek is attested in the Pyramid Texts as the crocodile deity; his Fayum cult and his connections to Ra (Sobek-Ra) are established in Old Kingdom texts SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SOPDET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Sopdet ENT_EGY_SOPDET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SOPDU,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Sopdu ENT_EGY_SOPDU Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Sopdu (falcon deity of the eastern frontier, associated with the star Sirius in some traditions) is attested in the Pyramid Texts and in Old Kingdom inscriptions at the Sinai turquoise mines SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SOULS_OF_NEKHEN,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Souls of Nekhen ENT_EGY_SOULS_OF_NEKHEN Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Jackal-headed ancestral spirits of the predynastic rulers of Nekhen (Hierakonpolis) in Upper Egypt, paired with the Souls of Pe in the Pyramid Texts. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_SOULS_OF_PE,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Souls of Pe ENT_EGY_SOULS_OF_PE Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Falcon-headed ancestral spirits of the predynastic rulers of Pe (Buto) in the Delta, invoked acclaiming the king in the Pyramid Texts. SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_TATENEN,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Tatenen ENT_EGY_TATENEN Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM medium Tatenen ("the Exalted Earth") is a Memphite earth deity who later merged with Ptah; his most prominent attestation is New Kingdom but he has roots in the Old Kingdom Memphite theology SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed
ENT_EGY_TAYET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Tayet ENT_EGY_TAYET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_TEFNUT,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Tefnut ENT_EGY_TEFNUT Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Tefnut (goddess of moisture and cosmic order) is attested in the Pyramid Texts as the twin of Shu and the second offspring of Atum; her moisture complements Shu's air in the Old Kingdom creation cosmology SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_THOTH,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Thoth ENT_EGY_THOTH Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM high Thoth is attested in the Pyramid Texts (Old Kingdom) as the divine scribe, measurer of time, and moon deity; this corrects his current period assignment of Middle Kingdom only — his attestation goes back to the Pyramid Texts SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_WADJWER,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Wadj-wer ENT_EGY_WADJWER Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_WENEG,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Weneg ENT_EGY_WENEG Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM A Attested from the Old Kingdom (Pyramid Texts / Old Kingdom cult). SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed
ENT_EGY_WOSRET,PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM Wosret ENT_EGY_WOSRET Old Kingdom PER_EGY_OLD_KINGDOM medium Wosret attested in the Pyramid Texts (Old Kingdom); her antiquity is secure but the textual record is sparse; her name survives in 12th Dynasty pharaonic names (Senusret) SRC_FAULKNER_PYRAMID_TEXTS reviewed

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CREATE TABLE "entity_periods" (
   [entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT,
   [review_status] TEXT,
   PRIMARY KEY ([entity_id], [period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_period_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_entity_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([entity_id]);
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