Entity Periods

Period assignments linking entities to the historical periods when they are attested. An entity may span multiple periods. All Greek entities are assigned; Egyptian tradition is fully covered; total coverage exceeds 70%.

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

confidence
{'description': 'high / medium / low — certainty of the period assignment'}
rationale
{'description': 'Justification with source citations'}

13 rows where period_id = "PER_MITHRAIC"

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Link entity_id period_id confidence rationale source_id review_status
ENT_MITH_CAUTES,PER_MITHRAIC Cautes ENT_MITH_CAUTES Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Torchbearer holding his torch upward, attendant of Mithras; with Cautopates forms the dadophoroi flanking the tauroctony, often read as sunrise/equinoxes. Clauss ch.9. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_CAUTOPATES,PER_MITHRAIC Cautopates ENT_MITH_CAUTOPATES Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Torchbearer holding his torch downward, attendant of Mithras; paired with Cautes around the tauroctony, often read as sunset/the descending sun. Clauss ch.9. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_CORAX,PER_MITHRAIC Corax (Raven) ENT_MITH_CORAX Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high First/lowest of the seven Mithraic grades, under the tutelage of Mercury; attested in the grade-lists (Jerome, Ep.107) and the Felicissimus mosaic at Ostia. Clauss ch.10. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_HELIODROMUS,PER_MITHRAIC Heliodromus (Sun-Runner) ENT_MITH_HELIODROMUS Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Sixth Mithraic grade, the Sun-Runner/courier of the Sun, under Sol; depicted with radiate crown, torch and whip. Clauss ch.10. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_LEO,PER_MITHRAIC Leo (Lion) ENT_MITH_LEO Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Fourth Mithraic grade, the Lion, under Jupiter; honey rather than water used in its purification (Porphyry, De antro 15). The first 'participating' grade. Clauss ch.10. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_LEONTOCEPHALINE,PER_MITHRAIC Leontocephaline (Lion-headed Time-God) ENT_MITH_LEONTOCEPHALINE Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Lion-headed serpent-entwined figure of Mithraic statuary, usually interpreted as a time/eternity deity and frequently equated with Aion/Zurvan; identity debated. Clauss ch.13; Beck. SRC_BECK_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_MILES,PER_MITHRAIC Miles (Soldier) ENT_MITH_MILES Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Third Mithraic grade, the Soldier, under Mars; Tertullian (De corona 15) describes the miles refusing the offered crown. Clauss ch.10. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_MYSTERIES,PER_MITHRAIC Mithraic Mysteries ENT_MITH_MYSTERIES Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Hub for the Roman initiatory cult of Mithras; well attested by ~600 mithraea and inscriptions across the empire (2nd-4th c. CE). Clauss ch.1. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_NYMPHUS,PER_MITHRAIC Nymphus (Bridegroom) ENT_MITH_NYMPHUS Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Second Mithraic grade, the (grammatically masculine coinage) 'male bride', under Venus; attested in the Ostia grade-mosaic and Jerome's list. Clauss ch.10. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_PATER,PER_MITHRAIC Pater (Father) ENT_MITH_PATER Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Seventh and highest Mithraic grade, the Father, under Saturn; leader of the local congregation (pater patrum at the apex). Clauss ch.10. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_PERSES,PER_MITHRAIC Perses (Persian) ENT_MITH_PERSES Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high Fifth Mithraic grade, the Persian, under Luna (the Moon); attested in the Ostia grade-mosaic and Jerome's list, evoking the cult's claimed Persian origin. Distinct from the Greek Titan Perses (ENT_PERSES_TITAN). Clauss ch.10. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_PETRA_GENETRIX,PER_MITHRAIC Petra Genetrix ENT_MITH_PETRA_GENETRIX Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high The 'birth-giving rock' from which Mithras emerges (petra genetrix), a recurring image of the petrogenes Mithras in cult reliefs and dedications. Clauss ch.6. SRC_CLAUSS_MITHRAS reviewed
ENT_MITH_TAUROCTONY,PER_MITHRAIC Tauroctony ENT_MITH_TAUROCTONY Mithraic Mysteries (Roman imperial) PER_MITHRAIC high The central cult image: Mithras slaying the bull, attended by dog, serpent, scorpion, raven and the torchbearers; the icon of nearly every mithraeum and focus of astral interpretation. Clauss ch.7; Beck. SRC_BECK_MITHRAS reviewed

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CREATE TABLE "entity_periods" (
   [entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT,
   [review_status] TEXT,
   PRIMARY KEY ([entity_id], [period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_period_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_entity_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([entity_id]);