Entity Periods

Period assignments linking entities to the historical periods when they are attested. An entity may span multiple periods. All Greek entities are assigned; Egyptian tradition is fully covered; total coverage exceeds 70%.

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

confidence
{'description': 'high / medium / low — certainty of the period assignment'}
rationale
{'description': 'Justification with source citations'}

15 rows where period_id = "PER_SABAEAN"

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Link entity_id period_id confidence rationale source_id review_status
ENT_SAB_ALMAQAH,PER_SABAEAN Almaqah ENT_SAB_ALMAQAH Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high Almaqah attested in South Arabian inscriptions from c. 800 BCE onward; peak attestation in Sabaean kingdom period SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_AMM,PER_SABAEAN ʿAmm ENT_SAB_AMM Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high ʿAmm attested in Qatabanian inscriptions from c. 400 BCE; Qatabanians are part of the broader South Arabian cultural zone SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_ANBAY,PER_SABAEAN Anbay ENT_SAB_ANBAY Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high Qatabanian oracular and law-giving god, paired with Ḥawkam; 'Anbay and Ḥawkam' issue decrees in Qatabanian legal inscriptions. SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_ATHTAR,PER_SABAEAN Athtar ENT_SAB_ATHTAR Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high Athtar attested across all South Arabian kingdoms throughout the Sabaean period; pan-South-Arabian deity SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_BASAMUM,PER_SABAEAN Basamum ENT_SAB_BASAMUM Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high South-Arabian god of healing, his name connected to the balsam/aromatic plant (bsm); attested in votive cure-texts. SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_DHAT_BADAN,PER_SABAEAN Dhāt-Baʿdan ENT_SAB_DHAT_BADAN Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high The second solar 'Lady' of the Sabaean pantheon, paired with Dhat-Himyam; both invoked in temple dedications such as those from the Awwam sanctuary. SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_DHAT_HIMYAM,PER_SABAEAN Dhāt-Ḥimyam ENT_SAB_DHAT_HIMYAM Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high One of the two solar 'Ladies' (Dhat = 'She of') of the Sabaean pantheon, a hypostasis of the sun-goddess; her cult was carried to Dʿmt-period Ethiopia. SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_DHAT_ZAHRAN,PER_SABAEAN Dhāt-Ẓahrān ENT_SAB_DHAT_ZAHRAN Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high A further solar 'Lady' epithet of the South-Arabian sun-goddess attested in dedicatory inscriptions, a localized hypostasis of Shams. SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_HAWBAS,PER_SABAEAN Hawbas ENT_SAB_HAWBAS Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high Sabaean deity closely associated with Almaqah, frequently named alongside him at Awwam/Marib and in Dʿmt-period Ethiopia. SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_NASR,PER_SABAEAN Nasr ENT_SAB_NASR Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high A South/West-Arabian deity ('vulture/eagle') named in Qurʾan 71:23 and attested in onomastics; venerated in the Himyaritic/Yemeni sphere. SRC_QURAN reviewed
ENT_SAB_SAYIN,PER_SABAEAN Sayin ENT_SAB_SAYIN Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high National god of the kingdom of Hadramawt, attested in royal dedications and the great temple at Shabwa; a solar/national patron of Hadramite kingship. SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_SHAMS,PER_SABAEAN Shams ENT_SAB_SHAMS Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high Shams attested as part of the standard South Arabian divine triad throughout the Sabaean period SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_TALAB,PER_SABAEAN Taʾlab Riyam ENT_SAB_TALAB Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high Tutelary god of the Sabaean tribe Banu Sumʿay, titled 'Taʾlab Riyam' after his sanctuary on the Riyam massif; many oracle and pilgrimage inscriptions record his cult. SRC_HOYLAND_ARABIA reviewed
ENT_SAB_WADD,PER_SABAEAN Wadd ENT_SAB_WADD Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high National god of the Minaean (Maʿin) kingdom and a moon-deity; the formula 'Wd ʾb' (Wadd is father) is widely attested on amulets and inscriptions; one of the five idols of Qurʾan 71:23. SRC_QURAN reviewed
ENT_SAB_YAGHUTH,PER_SABAEAN Yagūth ENT_SAB_YAGHUTH Sabaean and South Arabian Period PER_SABAEAN high Pre-Islamic deity ('he helps') named in Qurʾan 71:23 alongside Yaʿuq and Nasr; lion-idol of Madhhij/Murad in Yemen per Ibn al-Kalbi. SRC_QURAN reviewed

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CREATE TABLE "entity_periods" (
   [entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT,
   [review_status] TEXT,
   PRIMARY KEY ([entity_id], [period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_period_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_periods_entity_id]
    ON [entity_periods] ([entity_id]);