entity_relationships: 1550
Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb
This data as json
| relationship_id | subject_entity_id | relationship_type | object_entity_id | confidence | rationale | source_id | review_status | period_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1550 | ENT_MES_UTNAPISHTIM | received_as | ENT_ISR_NOAH | high | The flood narrative in Genesis 6-9 is the most directly documented Mesopotamian→Israelite literary transmission in the dataset. The parallels between the Atrahasis Epic (c. 1700 BCE) and Gilgamesh Tablet XI on one side, and Genesis on the other, are structural and verbal: both have (1) a divine council decree to destroy humanity; (2) one righteous man warned by the sympathetic deity (Ea/Enki warns Utnapishtim; God warns Noah); (3) construction of a boat and loading of animals and family; (4) the flood; (5) the boat grounding on a mountain; (6) a sequence of birds released to test for dry land (the dove/raven sequence in Genesis 8:6-12 parallels Gilgamesh Tablet XI closely); (7) a sacrificial offering after the flood; (8) a divine oath not to repeat the destruction. Andrew George (OUP 2003) documents the parallels exhaustively in his critical apparatus. The mechanism of transmission is the Babylonian exile (586-538 BCE), when Israelite scribes had direct access to the Atrahasis and Gilgamesh traditions in Babylon. | SRC_GEORGE_GILGAMESH | reviewed | PER_ISR_EXILIC |