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Relationships

2,079 typed, source-backed relationships between entities. Each row records a directed relationship (subject → type → object) with a justifying source and rationale note. See relationship_types for the full controlled vocabulary of 70 relationship types. Key types: reception_of / received_as (transmission across traditions), equated_with (interpretatio graeca / analogues), parent_of (genealogy), member_of (collective membership), emanates_from (Gnostic/Neoplatonic structure).

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

subject_entity_id
{'description': 'The entity initiating or holding the relationship'}
relationship_type
{'description': 'Typed relationship from the controlled vocabulary (see relationship_types table)'}
object_entity_id
{'description': 'The entity receiving or targeted by the relationship'}
confidence
{'description': 'high / medium / low / speculative'}
rationale
{'description': 'Scholarly justification for the relationship, with source citations'}
source_id
{'description': 'Primary source justifying this relationship'}
period_id
{'description': 'Historical period in which this relationship is attested (null = all periods)'}

52 rows where relationship_type = "taught_by"

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relationship_id ▼ subject_entity_id relationship_type object_entity_id confidence rationale source_id review_status period_id
2760 Zarathustra ENT_ZOR_ZARATHUSTRA taught_by Ahura Mazda ENT_ZOR_AHURA_MAZDA high Zarathushtra receives the revelation from Ahura Mazda (the Gathas). Avesta SRC_AVESTA reviewed  
2939 Thecla ENT_CHR_THECLA taught_by Paul ENT_SAINT_PAUL high Thecla is the disciple of Paul in the Acts of Paul and Thecla. The Acts of Paul and Thecla, c. 2nd c. CE SRC_ACTS_PAUL_THECLA reviewed  
2941 Hermes Trismegistus ENT_HER_TRISMEGISTUS taught_by Poimandres ENT_HER_POIMANDRES high Poimandres reveals the cosmogony and the way of ascent to Hermes (CH I). Corpus Hermeticum SRC_CORPUS_HERMETICUM reviewed  
6044 Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi ENT_SUF_QUNAWI taught_by Ibn al-Arabi ENT_SUF_IBN_ARABI high Stepson and chief disciple of Ibn al-Arabi. Jami, Nafahat al-Uns (Breaths of Fellowship, 1478) SRC_JAMI_NAFAHAT reviewed  
6046 Fakhr al-Din Iraqi ENT_SUF_IRAQI taught_by Sadr al-Din al-Qunawi ENT_SUF_QUNAWI medium Drew his Lama'at from Qunawi's expositions of Ibn al-Arabi. Jami, Nafahat al-Uns (Breaths of Fellowship, 1478) SRC_JAMI_NAFAHAT reviewed  
6052 Qutb al-Din Bakhtiar Kaki ENT_SUF_BAKHTIAR_KAKI taught_by Mu'in al-Din Chishti ENT_SUF_CHISHTI_MUIN high Foremost disciple and successor of Mu'in al-Din Chishti. Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam (University of North Carolina Press, 1975) SRC_SCHIMMEL_SUFISM reviewed  
6053 Farid al-Din Ganj-i-Shakar ENT_SUF_BABA_FARID taught_by Qutb al-Din Bakhtiar Kaki ENT_SUF_BAKHTIAR_KAKI high Successor of Bakhtiar Kaki in the Delhi Chishti line. Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam (University of North Carolina Press, 1975) SRC_SCHIMMEL_SUFISM reviewed  
6054 Nizam al-Din Awliya ENT_SUF_NIZAM_AWLIYA taught_by Farid al-Din Ganj-i-Shakar ENT_SUF_BABA_FARID high Khalifa and chief successor of Baba Farid. Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam (University of North Carolina Press, 1975) SRC_SCHIMMEL_SUFISM reviewed  
6055 Amir Khusrow ENT_SUF_AMIR_KHUSROW taught_by Nizam al-Din Awliya ENT_SUF_NIZAM_AWLIYA high Devoted disciple of Nizam al-Din Awliya. Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam (University of North Carolina Press, 1975) SRC_SCHIMMEL_SUFISM reviewed  
6057 Abd al-Rahman Jami ENT_SUF_JAMI taught_by Khwaja Ubayd Allah Ahrar ENT_SUF_KHWAJA_AHRAR medium Affiliated to the Naqshbandiyya through Khwaja Ahrar. Jami, Nafahat al-Uns (Breaths of Fellowship, 1478) SRC_JAMI_NAFAHAT reviewed  
6063 Nur al-Din Nurani ENT_SUF_NURI taught_by Lal Ded ENT_SUF_LAL_DED low Kashmiri tradition links Nund Rishi's path to the example of Lal Ded. Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam (University of North Carolina Press, 1975) SRC_SCHIMMEL_SUFISM reviewed  
6095 Thomas Aquinas ENT_LMW_AQUINAS taught_by Albertus Magnus ENT_LMW_ALBERTUS_MAGNUS high Aquinas studied under Albertus Magnus at Cologne and Paris. David Hugh Farmer, The Oxford Dictionary of Saints (Oxford University Press, 5th ed. 2011) SRC_FARMER_SAINTS reviewed  
6139 Jane Frances de Chantal ENT_EMC_JANE_CHANTAL taught_by Francis de Sales ENT_EMC_FRANCIS_DE_SALES high Jane Frances de Chantal was the spiritual disciple of Francis de Sales, her director. Butler’s Lives of the Saints SRC_BUTLER_SAINTS reviewed  
6140 Francis Xavier ENT_EMC_FRANCIS_XAVIER taught_by Ignatius of Loyola ENT_EMC_IGNATIUS_LOYOLA high Francis Xavier was formed by Ignatius of Loyola and made the Spiritual Exercises under him. Butler’s Lives of the Saints SRC_BUTLER_SAINTS reviewed  
6141 Peter Faber ENT_EMC_PETER_FABER taught_by Ignatius of Loyola ENT_EMC_IGNATIUS_LOYOLA high Peter Faber was a first companion formed by Ignatius of Loyola. Butler’s Lives of the Saints SRC_BUTLER_SAINTS reviewed  
6174 Francis Borgia ENT_EMC_FRANCIS_BORGIA taught_by Peter Faber ENT_EMC_PETER_FABER low Francis Borgia was drawn into the Jesuits after making the Spiritual Exercises under Peter Faber. Butler’s Lives of the Saints SRC_BUTLER_SAINTS reviewed  
6181 Isaac Luria (the Ari) ENT_JM_LURIA taught_by Moses Cordovero (Ramak) ENT_JM_CORDOVERO medium Luria briefly studied with Cordovero in Safed; his system built upon and superseded Cordovero's. Hayyim Vital, Etz Chaim (the Tree of Life — Luria's teachings, c. 1573) SRC_VITAL_ETZ_CHAIM reviewed  
6182 Hayyim Vital ENT_JM_VITAL taught_by Isaac Luria (the Ari) ENT_JM_LURIA high Vital was Luria's foremost disciple and the recorder of his teachings. Hayyim Vital, Etz Chaim (the Tree of Life — Luria's teachings, c. 1573) SRC_VITAL_ETZ_CHAIM reviewed  
6183 Hayyim Vital ENT_JM_VITAL taught_by Moses Cordovero (Ramak) ENT_JM_CORDOVERO high Vital first studied Cordoverian Kabbalah before becoming Luria's disciple. Hayyim Vital, Etz Chaim (the Tree of Life — Luria's teachings, c. 1573) SRC_VITAL_ETZ_CHAIM reviewed  
6184 Moses Cordovero (Ramak) ENT_JM_CORDOVERO taught_by Solomon Alkabetz ENT_JM_ALKABETZ high Alkabetz was Cordovero's teacher and brother-in-law. Gershom Scholem, Kabbalah SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed  
6216 Dov Ber of Mezeritch (the Maggid) ENT_JM_DOV_BER taught_by Baal Shem Tov (Israel ben Eliezer) ENT_JM_BESHT high Dov Ber was the chief disciple of the Baal Shem Tov. Shivhei ha-Besht (In Praise of the Baal Shem Tov, 1814) SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT reviewed  
6217 Jacob Joseph of Polonne ENT_JM_JACOB_JOSEPH taught_by Baal Shem Tov (Israel ben Eliezer) ENT_JM_BESHT high Jacob Joseph was a direct disciple of the Baal Shem Tov. Shivhei ha-Besht (In Praise of the Baal Shem Tov, 1814) SRC_SHIVHEI_BESHT reviewed  
6218 Schneur Zalman of Liadi ENT_JM_SCHNEUR_ZALMAN taught_by Dov Ber of Mezeritch (the Maggid) ENT_JM_DOV_BER high Schneur Zalman was a disciple of Dov Ber, the Maggid. Gershom Scholem, Kabbalah SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed  
6219 Levi Yitzhak of Berditchev ENT_JM_LEVI_YITZHAK taught_by Dov Ber of Mezeritch (the Maggid) ENT_JM_DOV_BER high Levi Yitzhak of Berditchev was a disciple of Dov Ber. Gershom Scholem, Kabbalah SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed  
6220 Elimelech of Lizhensk ENT_JM_ELIMELECH taught_by Dov Ber of Mezeritch (the Maggid) ENT_JM_DOV_BER high Elimelech of Lizhensk was a disciple of Dov Ber. Gershom Scholem, Kabbalah SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed  
6226 Chayyim of Volozhin ENT_JM_CHAYYIM_VOLOZHIN taught_by Elijah of Vilna (the Vilna Gaon) ENT_JM_VILNA_GAON high Chayyim of Volozhin was the foremost disciple of the Vilna Gaon. Gershom Scholem, Kabbalah SRC_SCHOLEM_KABBALAH reviewed  
6241 Ali Harazim al-Barada ENT_SUF_GAZARGAHI_HARAZIM taught_by Ahmad al-Tijani ENT_SUF_TIJANI high Harazim received the teaching directly from Ahmad al-Tijani, recording it in the Jawahir al-Ma'ani. Ali Harazim, Jawahir al-Ma'ani (the foundational compendium of Ahmad al-Tijani's teaching, early 19th c.) SRC_TIJANI_JAWAHIR reviewed  
6316 Sophrony of Essex ENT_ORTH_SOPHRONY_ESSEX taught_by Silouan the Athonite ENT_ORTH_SILOUAN_ATHONITE high Sophrony was the personal disciple and biographer of Silouan the Athonite, whose teaching he transmitted. The Philokalia (anthology of the hesychast Fathers), comp. 1782 SRC_PHILOKALIA reviewed  
6344 Justin Popovic ENT_ORTH_JUSTIN_POPOVIC taught_by Nikolai Velimirovic ENT_ORTH_NIKOLAI_VELIMIROVIC medium Justin Popovic was a younger associate and spiritual heir of Nikolai Velimirovic within the Serbian Orthodox revival. The Synaxarion (the Lives of the Saints of the Orthodox Church) SRC_SYNAXARION reviewed  
6346 Muhammad ibn Ali al-Sanusi ENT_SUF_SANUSI taught_by Ahmad ibn Idris ENT_SUF_IBN_IDRIS high Al-Sanusi was a leading disciple of Ahmad ibn Idris before founding the Sanusiyya. Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam (University of North Carolina Press, 1975) SRC_SCHIMMEL_SUFISM reviewed  
6365 Pir Vilayat Inayat Khan ENT_SUF_PIR_VILAYAT taught_by Hazrat Inayat Khan ENT_SUF_INAYAT_KHAN high Pir Vilayat was the son and designated successor of Hazrat Inayat Khan. Hazrat Inayat Khan, The Sufi Message (collected teachings, Western Sufi Order) SRC_INAYAT_KHAN_MESSAGE reviewed  
6587 al-Husayn ibn Hamdan al-Khasibi ENT_ALW_KHASIBI taught_by Ibn Nusayr al-Namiri ENT_ALW_IBN_NUSAYR medium Al-Khasibi stands in the doctrinal lineage descending from Ibn Nusayr, whose teaching he systematized and organized (Friedman 2010). Yaron Friedman, The Nusayri-Alawis: An Introduction to the Religion, History and Identity of the Leading Minority in Syria (Islamic History and Civilization 77; Leiden: Brill, 2010) SRC_FRIEDMAN_NUSAYRI reviewed  
6974 Quddús (Mullá Muhammad-Alí Bárfurúshí) ENT_BAH_QUDDUS taught_by The Báb (Siyyid Alí-Muhammad Shírází) ENT_BAH_BAB high Quddús was a leading disciple of the Báb. Shoghi Effendi, God Passes By (Bahá'í Publishing Trust, 1944) SRC_SHOGHI_GPB reviewed  
6975 Táhirih (Fátimih Baraghání, Qurratu'l-Ayn) ENT_BAH_TAHIRIH taught_by The Báb (Siyyid Alí-Muhammad Shírází) ENT_BAH_BAB high Táhirih was an early recognizer and disciple of the Báb. Peter Smith, An Introduction to the Bahá'í Faith (Cambridge University Press, 2008) SRC_SMITH_BAHAI reviewed  
7019 Augustine of Hippo ENT_PAT_AUGUSTINE taught_by Ambrose of Milan ENT_PAT_AMBROSE high Augustine was catechized and baptized by Ambrose of Milan, whose preaching he credits in the Confessions with his conversion. Johannes Quasten, Patrology, 4 vols. (Spectrum / Christian Classics, 1950-1986) SRC_QUASTEN_PATROLOGY reviewed  
7020 Origen of Alexandria ENT_PAT_ORIGEN taught_by Clement of Alexandria ENT_PAT_CLEMENT_ALEX medium Origen is traditionally held to have studied under Clement of Alexandria at the Alexandrian catechetical school (succession reported by Eusebius). Johannes Quasten, Patrology, 4 vols. (Spectrum / Christian Classics, 1950-1986) SRC_QUASTEN_PATROLOGY reviewed  
7021 Irenaeus of Lyons ENT_PAT_IRENAEUS taught_by Polycarp of Smyrna ENT_PAT_POLYCARP high Irenaeus reports in his letter to Florinus that he heard Polycarp of Smyrna in his youth, linking him to the apostolic generation. Irenaeus of Lyons, Adversus Haereses (Against Heresies), c. 180 CE; ed. Rousseau & Doutreleau, SC 263-264, 293-294, 210-211 (Cerf, 1979-2002) SRC_IRENAEUS_AH reviewed  
7049 Macarius the Great (Macarius the Egyptian) ENT_DESERT_MACARIUS taught_by Anthony the Great ENT_SAINT_ANTHONY_ABBOT medium Tradition and the Apophthegmata present Macarius the Great as a disciple of Anthony the Great (existing ENT_SAINT_ANTHONY_ABBOT). The Sayings of the Desert Fathers: The Alphabetical Collection (Apophthegmata Patrum), trans. Benedicta Ward, Cistercian Publications, rev. ed. 1984 SRC_WARD_SAYINGS reviewed  
7050 Evagrius Ponticus ENT_DESERT_EVAGRIUS taught_by Macarius the Great (Macarius the Egyptian) ENT_DESERT_MACARIUS medium Evagrius Ponticus was a disciple of Macarius the Great (and Macarius of Alexandria) at the Kellia/Nitria. The Sayings of the Desert Fathers: The Alphabetical Collection (Apophthegmata Patrum), trans. Benedicta Ward, Cistercian Publications, rev. ed. 1984 SRC_WARD_SAYINGS reviewed  
7052 Sisoes (Abba Sisoes) ENT_DESERT_SISOES taught_by Anthony the Great ENT_SAINT_ANTHONY_ABBOT low Sisoes settled on Anthony the Great's inner mountain after Anthony's death, presenting himself as heir to Anthony's ascetic place and tradition. The Sayings of the Desert Fathers: The Alphabetical Collection (Apophthegmata Patrum), trans. Benedicta Ward, Cistercian Publications, rev. ed. 1984 SRC_WARD_SAYINGS reviewed  
7053 Pambo (Abba Pambo) ENT_DESERT_PAMBO taught_by Macarius the Great (Macarius the Egyptian) ENT_DESERT_MACARIUS low Pambo of Nitria is associated with the Macarian circle of Nitria/Kellia in the Apophthegmata tradition. The Sayings of the Desert Fathers: The Alphabetical Collection (Apophthegmata Patrum), trans. Benedicta Ward, Cistercian Publications, rev. ed. 1984 SRC_WARD_SAYINGS reviewed  
7066 Babai the Great ENT_SYR_BABAI taught_by Narsai ENT_SYR_NARSAI medium Babai the Great's dyophysite theology continues the Antiochene-Nisibene school transmitted through Narsai's School of Nisibis (Baum-Winkler). Wilhelm Baum & Dietmar W. Winkler, The Church of the East: A Concise History (Routledge, 2003) SRC_BAUM_WINKLER_COTE reviewed  
7078 Tiridates III of Armenia ENT_ARMC_TIRIDATES taught_by Gregory the Illuminator ENT_ARMC_GREGORY_ILLUMINATOR high Agathangelos records that Gregory the Illuminator converted and catechized King Tiridates III into the Christian faith. Agathangelos, History of the Armenians (Patmut'iwn Hayots'), 5th c. CE; trans. Robert W. Thomson (State University of New York Press, Albany NY, 1976) SRC_AGATHANGELOS_HISTORY reviewed  
7079 Mesrop Mashtots ENT_ARMC_MESROP taught_by Sahak Partev ENT_ARMC_SAHAK high Movses Khorenatsi records Mesrop Mashtots working under and with Catholicos Sahak Partev, who sponsored the alphabet and Bible translation. Movses Khorenatsi, History of Armenia (Patmut'iwn Hayots'), 5th c. CE; trans. Robert W. Thomson (Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA, 1978) SRC_KHORENATSI_HISTORY reviewed  
7094 Frumentius (Abba Selama) ENT_ETH_FRUMENTIUS taught_by Anthony the Great ENT_SAINT_ANTHONY_ABBOT low Ethiopian monasticism traces its ideals to Egyptian Antonian/Pachomian asceticism mediated through Alexandria, the see that consecrated Frumentius; lineage-of-influence, not personal pupillage. ENT_SAINT_ANTHONY_ABBOT verified to exist. Stuart Munro-Hay, Aksum: An African Civilisation of Late Antiquity SRC_MUNRO_HAY_AKSUM reviewed  
7095 The Nine Saints ENT_ETH_NINE_SAINTS taught_by Anthony the Great ENT_SAINT_ANTHONY_ABBOT low The Nine Saints introduced Egyptian-style monasticism deriving from the Antonian/Pachomian tradition into Ethiopia. ENT_SAINT_ANTHONY_ABBOT verified to exist. Stuart Munro-Hay, Aksum: An African Civilisation of Late Antiquity SRC_MUNRO_HAY_AKSUM reviewed  
7110 Besa of Atripe ENT_COP_BESA taught_by Shenoute the Great ENT_COP_SHENOUTE high Besa was the disciple of Shenoute and succeeded him as archimandrite of the White Monastery (Davis; Besa's own Life of Shenoute). Stephen J. Davis, The Early Coptic Papacy: The Egyptian Church and Its Leadership in Late Antiquity (American University in Cairo Press, 2004) SRC_DAVIS_EARLY_COPTIC_PAPACY reviewed  
7111 Moses the Black ENT_COP_MOSES_BLACK taught_by Macarius of Egypt ENT_COP_MACARIUS medium Moses the Black became a monk of Scetis under the spiritual direction of Macarius of Egypt (Apophthegmata Patrum). Stephen J. Davis, The Early Coptic Papacy: The Egyptian Church and Its Leadership in Late Antiquity (American University in Cairo Press, 2004) SRC_DAVIS_EARLY_COPTIC_PAPACY reviewed  
7155 Akiva ben Joseph ENT_STJ_AKIVA taught_by Yohanan ben Zakkai ENT_STJ_YOHANAN_BEN_ZAKKAI low Akiva belongs to the generation of disciples following Yohanan ben Zakkai's Yavneh academy; lineage attested in rabbinic tradition but indirect. Peter Schäfer, The History of the Jews in the Greco-Roman World SRC_SCHAFER_JEWS_GRECO_ROMAN reviewed  
7156 Judah ha-Nasi ENT_STJ_JUDAH_HANASI taught_by Akiva ben Joseph ENT_STJ_AKIVA medium Judah ha-Nasi's Mishnah is built on the halakhic systematization of Akiva (via Akiva's disciples), the dominant Tannaitic lineage. Peter Schäfer, The History of the Jews in the Greco-Roman World SRC_SCHAFER_JEWS_GRECO_ROMAN reviewed  
7158 Gamaliel ENT_NT_GAMALIEL taught_by Hillel the Elder ENT_STJ_HILLEL medium Gamaliel the Elder is traditionally Hillel's grandson and heir of the House of Hillel. New Testament (primary text; Greek: Nestle-Aland 28th ed.; citations by book, chapter, and verse) SRC_NEW_TESTAMENT reviewed  
7468 Cú Chulainn ENT_IRH_CU_CHULAINN taught_by Scáthach ENT_IRH_SCATHACH high Scáthach trains Cú Chulainn in arms and gives him the gáe bolga (Tochmarc Emire). Thomas Kinsella (trans.), The Táin (Oxford University Press, 1969) SRC_KINSELLA_TAIN reviewed  

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CREATE TABLE "entity_relationships" (
   [relationship_id] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
   [subject_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [relationship_type] TEXT REFERENCES [relationship_types]([relationship_type]),
   [object_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT REFERENCES [sources]([source_id]),
   [review_status] TEXT,
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_period_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_source_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([source_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_object_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([object_entity_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_relationship_type]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([relationship_type]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_subject_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([subject_entity_id]);
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