Relationships
Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb
- subject_entity_id
- {'description': 'The entity initiating or holding the relationship'}
- relationship_type
- {'description': 'Typed relationship from the controlled vocabulary (see relationship_types table)'}
- object_entity_id
- {'description': 'The entity receiving or targeted by the relationship'}
- confidence
- {'description': 'high / medium / low / speculative'}
- rationale
- {'description': 'Scholarly justification for the relationship, with source citations'}
- source_id
- {'description': 'Primary source justifying this relationship'}
- period_id
- {'description': 'Historical period in which this relationship is attested (null = all periods)'}
32 rows where source_id = "SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION"
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Suggested facets: subject_entity_id, relationship_type, object_entity_id, confidence, period_id
| relationship_id ▼ | subject_entity_id | relationship_type | object_entity_id | confidence | rationale | source_id | review_status | period_id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1518 | Astarte ENT_CAN_ASTARTE | received_as | Al-Uzza ENT_ARA_AL_UZZA | medium | Al-Uzza is the north Arabian continuation of the Semitic love/Venus goddess tradition that runs from Mesopotamian Inanna/Ishtar through Canaanite Astarte. The common elements are: (1) association with the planet Venus as the morning/evening star; (2) love and war function (Al-Uzza is invoked for protection in battle as well as for love); (3) association with sacred trees (Al-Uzza's sanctuary at Nakhla included sacred trees). The Nabataean Al-Uzza is sometimes depicted with the Aphrodite iconography that derives from Astarte. The transmission is most plausible through Phoenician-Arabian contact and the common Semitic religious substrate. Confidence medium: functional and iconographic parallels are strong; direct textual documentation of the Astarte→Al-Uzza transmission is limited. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | Pre-Islamic Arabia (Jahiliyyah) PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC |
| 1519 | Al-Uzza ENT_ARA_AL_UZZA | reception_of | Astarte ENT_CAN_ASTARTE | medium | Al-Uzza as the north Arabian reception of the Semitic love/Venus goddess tradition flowing from Canaanite Astarte; Venus identification and war/love duality are the shared functional core. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | Pre-Islamic Arabia (Jahiliyyah) PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC |
| 1521 | Athena ENT_ATHENA | reception_of | Al-Lat ENT_ARA_ALLAT | medium | Athena as the Greek identification for the north Arabian Al-Lat; Palmyrene inscriptions explicitly equate the two; warrior-wisdom function is the primary basis. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | Hellenistic Period PER_GRK_HELLENISTIC |
| 1523 | Aphrodite ENT_APHRODITE | reception_of | Al-Uzza ENT_ARA_AL_UZZA | medium | Aphrodite as the Greek identification for Al-Uzza via the Venus/morning star tradition; one of several Arabian→Greek connections through Nabataean-Hellenistic contact. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | Hellenistic Period PER_GRK_HELLENISTIC |
| 1524 | Manat ENT_ARA_MANAT | received_as | Nemesis ENT_NEMESIS | low | Manat (from Arabic mana, "to apportion" or "fate") presides over the apportionment of destiny and death; she is associated with the moon and with the inevitable fate that awaits all human beings. Nemesis (Greek goddess of retribution and the apportionment of fortune/fate) shares the function of inevitable, apportioned fate. The Nabataean Manat was identified with Greek fate/retribution deities in the Hellenistic period; at Madain Salih (Hegra) inscriptions attest her alongside Dushara. Confidence low: the functional parallel is reasonable but no explicit ancient identification of Manat with Nemesis (as opposed to Tyche or another fate deity) is documented in surviving texts. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | Hellenistic Period PER_GRK_HELLENISTIC |
| 1525 | Nemesis ENT_NEMESIS | reception_of | Manat ENT_ARA_MANAT | low | Nemesis as a possible Greek identification for the Arabian fate-goddess Manat; both preside over inevitable destiny and death. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | Hellenistic Period PER_GRK_HELLENISTIC |
| 1527 | Dionysus ENT_DIONYSUS | reception_of | Dushara ENT_ARA_DUSHARA | medium | Dionysus as the Greek identification for the Nabataean Dushara; Epiphanius (Panarion 51.22) makes the identification explicit; wine-vine association and mountain cult are the functional basis. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | Hellenistic Period PER_GRK_HELLENISTIC |
| 2398 | Dushara ENT_ARA_DUSHARA | aligned_with | Zeus ENT_ZEUS | medium | Dushara was identified by Greek and Roman authors with both Dionysus (his primary Greek equation, reflected in the existing received_as relationship) and Zeus/Jupiter as the supreme deity of the Arabs. Epiphanius of Salamis (Panarion 51.22, c. 375 CE) refers to the cult of "Dusares" as the "lord of all" in terms parallel to Zeus. Nabataean bilingual inscriptions from the Hauran and from Puteoli (Italy, where a Nabataean merchant community established a Dushara temple) sometimes render his epithet in terms that parallel Zeus's sovereignty function. The dual Dionysus/Zeus identification reflects Dushara's complex divine profile — he was both a vegetation/wine deity (Dionysus aspect) and a sky/supreme deity (Zeus aspect), consistent with a chief deity who combines cosmic sovereignty with chthonic fertility power. Confidence medium: the Zeus alignment is secondary to the Dionysus equation in most ancient sources, and reflects interpretive variation rather than a single explicit primary-text equation. Healey (2001) pp. 95-100. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | Pre-Islamic Arabia (Jahiliyyah) PER_ARA_PRE_ISLAMIC |
| 4286 | Dushara ENT_ARA_DUSHARA | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | high | Dushara is the supreme dynastic god of the Nabataeans, attested at Petra, Bostra and Hegra. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4287 | Al-Lat ENT_ARA_ALLAT | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | high | Allat is a leading Nabataean goddess, attested at Iram and across the Hawran. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4288 | Al-Uzza ENT_ARA_AL_UZZA | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | high | Al-Uzza is the principal goddess at Petra (Temple of the Winged Lions). | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4289 | Manat ENT_ARA_MANAT | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | high | Manat, as Manotu, is invoked in Nabataean tomb inscriptions at Hegra. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4290 | Hubal ENT_ARA_HUBAL | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | medium | Hubal is named with Dushara and Manotu in the Hegra tomb-curse inscriptions. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4291 | Dushara ENT_ARA_DUSHARA | equated_with | Dionysus ENT_DIONYSUS | high | Greek/Roman sources identify Dushara with Dionysus (interpretatio graeca). | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4293 | Al-Lat ENT_ARA_ALLAT | equated_with | Athena ENT_ATHENA | high | Allat is identified with armed Athena at Palmyra and Petra. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4294 | Al-Uzza ENT_ARA_AL_UZZA | equated_with | Aphrodite ENT_APHRODITE | high | Al-Uzza is equated with Aphrodite in Greek identifications. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4295 | Shai al-Qaum ENT_NAB_SHAI_AL_QAUM | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | high | Nabataean tutelary god attested in dedications at Palmyra. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4296 | Shai al-Qaum ENT_NAB_SHAI_AL_QAUM | presides_over | Protection ENT_PROTECTION | high | Protector of the qaum (people/caravan) and of warriors. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4297 | Shai al-Qaum ENT_NAB_SHAI_AL_QAUM | guardian_of | Wealth ENT_WEALTH | medium | As caravan god he guards the trading companies underpinning Nabataean commerce. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4298 | Aʿra ENT_NAB_ARA | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | high | Aʿra is the tutelary god of Bostra. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4299 | Aʿra ENT_NAB_ARA | aligned_with | Dushara ENT_ARA_DUSHARA | high | Aʿra is closely identified with Dushara, titled the god 'in Bostra'. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4300 | Aʿra ENT_NAB_ARA | presides_over | Sovereignty ENT_SOVEREIGNTY | medium | City-god of the Nabataean royal seat at Bostra. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4301 | al-Kutbaʾ ENT_NAB_AL_KUTBA | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | high | Attested at Petra, Hegra and Sinai. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4303 | al-Kutbaʾ ENT_NAB_AL_KUTBA | aligned_with | Hermes ENT_HERMES | high | Nabataean scribe-and-commerce god, counterpart of Hermes/Nabu. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4304 | Manotu ENT_NAB_MANOTU | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | high | Invoked in the Hegra tomb inscriptions. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4305 | Manotu ENT_NAB_MANOTU | aligned_with | Manat ENT_ARA_MANAT | high | The Hegran cult-form of the Arabian fate-goddess Manat. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4306 | Manotu ENT_NAB_MANOTU | presides_over | Death ENT_DEATH | high | Fate-and-death goddess invoked to protect tombs and curse violators at Hegra. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4307 | Manotu ENT_NAB_MANOTU | presides_over | Fortune ENT_FORTUNE | medium | As Manat 'the apportioner' she governs allotted fate. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4308 | al-ʿUzza of Petra ENT_NAB_AL_UZZA_PETRA | member_of | The Nabataean Pantheon ENT_NAB_PANTHEON | high | Chief goddess of Petra. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4309 | al-ʿUzza of Petra ENT_NAB_AL_UZZA_PETRA | aligned_with | Al-Uzza ENT_ARA_AL_UZZA | high | Local Petra cult-form of the Arabian goddess al-Uzza. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4457 | al-Kutbaʾ ENT_NAB_AL_KUTBA | presides_over | Writing ENT_WRITING | high | al-Kutbaʾ (root k-t-b "to write") is the Nabataean god of writing and scribes/records. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed | |
| 4458 | al-ʿUzza of Petra ENT_NAB_AL_UZZA_PETRA | embodies | Venus ENT_VENUS | high | al-ʿUzza is the Venus/morning-star goddess of the Nabataeans, identified with Aphrodite. | John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION | reviewed |
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CREATE TABLE "entity_relationships" (
[relationship_id] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
[subject_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
[relationship_type] TEXT REFERENCES [relationship_types]([relationship_type]),
[object_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
[confidence] TEXT,
[rationale] TEXT,
[source_id] TEXT REFERENCES [sources]([source_id]),
[review_status] TEXT,
[period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_period_id]
ON [entity_relationships] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_source_id]
ON [entity_relationships] ([source_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_object_entity_id]
ON [entity_relationships] ([object_entity_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_relationship_type]
ON [entity_relationships] ([relationship_type]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_subject_entity_id]
ON [entity_relationships] ([subject_entity_id]);