entity_id,source_id,evidence_type,source_note
ENT_EGY_ANUBIS,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"Anubis is identified in De Iside et Osiride as the son of Osiris and Nephthys (not Osiris and Isis as in some other traditions); Plutarch explains his role as ""the guardian who goes between the upper and lower regions"" (De Iside 44); the name Anubis is given a Greek etymology; he becomes Hermanubis in the Greco-Egyptian synthesis"
ENT_EGY_HATHOR,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,Hathor is identified in De Iside et Osiride with Aphrodite (and with Isis in her loving aspect); Plutarch discusses the Aphrodite-Hathor equation (De Iside 39) in the context of the interpretatio graeca of Egyptian religion
ENT_EGY_HORUS,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,Horus is conceived posthumously from Osiris's reassembled body (De Iside 18); raised secretly by Isis in the papyrus marshes; he battles Seth/Typhon and wins the judgment of the gods; Plutarch distinguishes the elder Horus (Haroeris) from the younger (Harpocrates); equates Horus with Apollo
ENT_EGY_ISIS,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"Isis is the central figure of De Iside et Osiride: she searches for Osiris's scattered limbs, reassembles him, and conceives Horus; Plutarch identifies her with Wisdom, with Demeter, and with the Moon; her role as the mourning-and-seeking goddess is the narrative engine of the entire text"
ENT_EGY_NEITH,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"Plutarch quotes the famous inscription on the temple of Neith at Sais (De Iside 9): ""I am all that has been and is and shall be, and no mortal has ever lifted my veil""; he identifies Neith with Athena as the primordial wisdom-goddess; this is one of the most cited ancient religious texts"
ENT_EGY_NEPHTHYS,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"Nephthys is Isis's sister and Seth's wife; De Iside (Moralia 355F-356A) narrates that she disguised herself as Isis, conceived Anubis with Osiris, and later joined Isis in mourning and searching for Osiris's body; Plutarch identifies her with that which is just below the horizon, ""the invisible and the hidden"""
ENT_EGY_OSIRIS,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"De Iside et Osiride (Moralia 351C-384C) is the fullest ancient account of the Osiris myth: his murder by Typhon/Seth, dismemberment into 14 parts, Isis's search and reassembly, posthumous conception of Horus, and Osiris's resurrection as lord of the dead; Plutarch identifies Osiris with Dionysus, the Nile, and with Mind/Logos in his allegorical reading"
ENT_EGY_PTAH,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,Ptah appears in De Iside et Osiride as Hephaestus (Hephaistos); Plutarch discusses the Memphis theology and Ptah's role as the divine craftsman and creator; De Iside 9 names Ptah alongside the other Memphis deities
ENT_EGY_RA,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"Ra/Re is discussed in De Iside et Osiride as the solar principle; Plutarch identifies him with the Greek Helios and uses the Ra-Osiris synthesis to explain the relationship between the sun (visible daily order) and Osiris (hidden cyclic order); De Iside 52, 56"
ENT_EGY_SETH,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"Seth appears as Typhon (his Greek equation) throughout De Iside et Osiride; he murders Osiris by tricking him into a chest, dismembers the body into 14 pieces, and rules Egypt until Horus defeats him; Plutarch explicitly equates Seth with the Greek Typhon and with the principle of cosmic disorder"
ENT_EGY_THOTH,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"Thoth assists in reassembling Osiris's body and is identified with the divine intelligence (Logos) throughout De Iside et Osiride; Plutarch explicitly identifies Thoth with Hermes (Hermes Trismegistus tradition) and describes his role as cosmic mediator and scribe of the gods; De Iside 3, 54"
ENT_SYN_HARPOCRATES,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"De Iside 19, 68: Harpocrates (Horus-the-child) is explicitly identified as the younger Horus born prematurely; the finger-to-lips gesture misread as ""silence"" rather than an infantile gesture is explained in De Iside 68; Plutarch's account is the primary Greek source for Harpocrates as a distinct deity"
ENT_SYN_HERMANUBIS,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,"Plutarch discusses the Hermes-Anubis synthesis in De Iside et Osiride; Anubis as ""guardian between upper and lower realms"" (De Iside 44) leads to his identification with Hermes-Psychopomp; the composite Hermanubis emerges from this Greco-Egyptian religious environment"
ENT_SYN_SERAPIS,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,De Iside 28 is the primary ancient text for the creation of Serapis: Ptolemy I Soter is told in a dream to bring a statue from Sinope; the theologians Timotheus and Manetho identify the new deity as a synthesis of Osiris and Apis; Plutarch is the most detailed ancient source for the Serapis foundation myth
ENT_SYN_ZEUS_AMMON,SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS,direct attestation,Plutarch discusses the Zeus Ammon equation in De Iside et Osiride and elsewhere; the Libyan oracle of Amun equated with Zeus; this equation was established by Herodotus (2.42) and refined in the Ptolemaic period as a tool of political theology connecting Alexander's divine sonship