entity_id,source_id,evidence_type,source_note ENT_NORR_MIMISBRUNNR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,primary text attestation,attestation ENT_NORR_NINE_WORLDS,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,primary text attestation,attestation ENT_NORR_URDARBRUNNR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,primary text attestation,attestation ENT_NORR_VANAHEIM,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,primary text attestation,attestation ENT_NOR_AEGIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Poetic Edda (Lokasenna, Hymiskviða): Aegir, the sea-giant who feasts the gods." ENT_NOR_AESIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Völuspá, Lokasenna, Vafþrúðnismál, and throughout: the Æsir as the primary Norse divine collective, their assembly (þing), the Aesir-Vanir War; the primary collection of texts describing the Aesir as a group" ENT_NOR_ALVISS,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_ANDVARI,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_BALDR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Völuspá (Baldr's death prophesied and narrated as a cause of Ragnarök); Baldrs draumar (Odin descends to the underworld to question a seeress about Baldr's dreams); the Baldr myth is one of the richest in the Poetic Edda ENT_NOR_BESTLA,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_BORR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_DAGR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_DELLINGR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_DURINN,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_DVALINN,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_DWARVES,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Völuspá (the catalog of dwarves — Dvergatal — is embedded in the poem; dwarves are craftsmen of the cosmos); Alvíssmál (the dwarf Alvíss tests his knowledge against Thor; primary text on dwarves as repository of ancient wisdom and as suitors rejected by the gods) ENT_NOR_EINHERJAR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_FENRIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Völuspá (at Ragnarök Fenrir breaks his bonds and devours Odin); Lokasenna (Tyr's hand bitten off by Fenrir is mentioned); the wolf's binding and his fate at Ragnarök are primary Eddic subjects ENT_NOR_FREKI,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_FREYJA,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Þrymskviða (Thor must impersonate Freyja to recover his hammer; her desirability as a bride for giants establishes her mythic status); Hyndluljóð (she questions the giantess Hyndla about her protégé's lineage); Lokasenna (Loki accuses her of sleeping with all gods and elves) ENT_NOR_FREYR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Skírnismál: Freyr sends his servant Skírnir to woo the giantess Gerðr; this is the primary text for Freyr's character as a fertility god who gives up his sword for love; Völuspá; Lokasenna ENT_NOR_FRIGG,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Völuspá (she and Odin mourn Baldr's death); Lokasenna (Loki accuses her of infidelity); Vafþrúðnismál (she warns Odin about his contest with Vafþrúðnir); her role as Odin's wife and keeper of fate ENT_NOR_GARM,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Poetic Edda (Völuspá, Grímnismál): Garm, the hound at the gates of Hel." ENT_NOR_GERI,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_GULLVEIG,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Poetic Edda (Völuspá 21-22): Gullveig, thrice burnt, and the first war." ENT_NOR_GUNNLOD,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_HATI,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_HEL,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Völuspá (she receives the dead in Hel below Yggdrasil); Baldrs draumar (the hall of Hel, lavishly decorated for Baldr's reception); Loki is named as her father alongside Fenrir and Jörmungandr" ENT_NOR_HOENIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_HUGINN,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_HYMIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_JORMUNGANDR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Völuspá (Thor and Jörmungandr kill each other at Ragnarök); Hymiskviða (Thor fishes up the Miðgarðsormr; Hymir cuts the line); the World Serpent encircling the ocean is foundational to the Eddic cosmology ENT_NOR_JOTNAR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Throughout the Poetic Edda: the Jötnar (giants) are the primary adversaries and interlocutors of the gods; Vafþrúðnismál (the wise giant), Hymiskviða (Hymir), Þrymskviða (Þrymr), Skírnismál (Gerðr); the Jötnar's cosmic role as the anti-divine power" ENT_NOR_LODURR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_LOKI,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Lokasenna (the primary Loki text: he insults every god at the feast and is then bound); Þrymskviða (helps Thor in the disguise plan); Völuspá (his role in Baldr's death through Höðr; his binding; his liberation at Ragnarök); his children Fenrir, Jörmungandr, Hel are named" ENT_NOR_MANI,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_MIMIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Poetic Edda (Völuspá 46, Sigrdrífumál): Mimir's well and counselling head." ENT_NOR_MODI,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_MOTSOGNIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_MUNDILFARI,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_MUNINN,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_NIDHOGG,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Völuspá (Níðhöggr gnaws the roots of Yggdrasil and flies away at Ragnarök carrying corpses in his wings); Grímnismál (he chews the roots of Yggdrasil alongside the serpents); the primary attestations for this figure ENT_NOR_NJORD,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Lokasenna (Loki accuses Njord of siring children with his sister; Njord defends himself as clean and useful); Vafþrúðnismál (the Vanir origin of Njord is discussed; he will return to Vanaheim at Ragnarök); Völuspá ENT_NOR_NORNS,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Völuspá (three great Norns carve on wooden slips and assign destinies at the well of Urðr; named as Urðr, Verðandi, and Skuld); Fáfnismál and Sigrdrífumál (other Norns mentioned); the primary Eddic source for the Norns as fate-spinners" ENT_NOR_NOTT,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_ODIN,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Völuspá, Hávamál, Grímnismál, Baldrs draumar, Lokasenna; the high god across virtually every eddic poem; his self-sacrifice on Yggdrasil (Hávamál 138-141), acquisition of runes, and foreknowledge of Ragnarök are attested here in their primary form" ENT_NOR_RATATOSKR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_SAGA,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_SKIRNIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_SKOLL,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_SKULD,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Poetic Edda (Völuspá 20): Skuld, the Norn of the future." ENT_NOR_SLEIPNIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_SOL,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_SURTR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Poetic Edda (Völuspá 52); Prose Edda: Surtr, who burns the world at Ragnarök." ENT_NOR_THOR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Hymiskviða (wrestling the Miðgarðsormr, retrieving the cauldron from Hymir); Þrymskviða (Mjölnir stolen by Þrymr; recovery in disguise); Lokasenna; Völuspá (Ragnarök: Thor kills Jörmungandr then falls dead)" ENT_NOR_THRYM,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Poetic Edda (Þrymskviða): Thrym steals Thor's hammer. ENT_NOR_TYR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Hymiskviða (Tyr and Thor visit the giant Hymir; Tyr is named as Hymir's son in this poem); Lokasenna (Tyr loses a hand to Fenrir; Loki mocks him); Sigrdrífumál (victory runes named after Tyr) ENT_NOR_URD,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Poetic Edda (Völuspá 20): Urd, eldest of the three Norns." ENT_NOR_VAFTHRUDNIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,Attested in the Poetic Edda. ENT_NOR_VALKYRIES,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Völuspá (Valkyries ride to choose the slain); Grímnismál (names of Valkyries serving mead in Valhalla); the Sigurðr-cycle hero lays (Brynhildr as a fallen Valkyrie, Sigrún, Sváfa); the primary texts for Valkyrie mythology" ENT_NOR_VANIR,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Völuspá (the first war was between Aesir and Vanir; hostages exchanged); Vafþrúðnismál (Njord among the Vanir); the Aesir-Vanir War is narrated in Völuspá and discussed throughout; the Vanir are identified as Freyr, Freyja, and Njord" ENT_NOR_VERDANDI,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Poetic Edda (Völuspá 20): Verdandi, the Norn of the present." ENT_NOR_YGGDRASIL,SRC_POETIC_EDDA,direct attestation,"Völuspá (Yggdrasil described at the center of the cosmological vision; the well of Urðr, the Norns, the eagle and the serpent); Grímnismál 29-35 (Yggdrasil's three roots and the beings that dwell there — the most detailed Eddic cosmological description); the primary texts for the World Tree"