Relationships

2,079 typed, source-backed relationships between entities. Each row records a directed relationship (subject → type → object) with a justifying source and rationale note. See relationship_types for the full controlled vocabulary of 70 relationship types. Key types: reception_of / received_as (transmission across traditions), equated_with (interpretatio graeca / analogues), parent_of (genealogy), member_of (collective membership), emanates_from (Gnostic/Neoplatonic structure).

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

subject_entity_id
{'description': 'The entity initiating or holding the relationship'}
relationship_type
{'description': 'Typed relationship from the controlled vocabulary (see relationship_types table)'}
object_entity_id
{'description': 'The entity receiving or targeted by the relationship'}
confidence
{'description': 'high / medium / low / speculative'}
rationale
{'description': 'Scholarly justification for the relationship, with source citations'}
source_id
{'description': 'Primary source justifying this relationship'}
period_id
{'description': 'Historical period in which this relationship is attested (null = all periods)'}

10 rows where object_entity_id = "ENT_HERACLES"

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Suggested facets: subject_entity_id, relationship_type, source_id, review_status

relationship_id ▼ subject_entity_id relationship_type object_entity_id confidence rationale source_id review_status period_id
1510 Melqart ENT_PHO_MELQART received_as Heracles ENT_HERACLES high The Melqart→Heracles identification is one of the best-documented Phoenician→Greek religious transmissions. Herodotus 2.44 explicitly states that he visited the Tyrian temple of Heracles, notes that it was far older than the Greek Heracles tradition, and concludes that there were "two Heracleses" — clearly distinguishing the Phoenician Melqart from the Greek hero. Melqart's attributes transmitted to Heracles include: (1) the lion-skin (Melqart depicted in lion garb in Phoenician iconography); (2) the club; (3) navigation and founding of colonies (Cadiz/Gadir was a Phoenician colony with a famous Melqart-Heracles sanctuary); (4) the dying-and-apotheosis narrative (Melqart's egersis → Heracles's immolation and apotheosis on Oeta). The identification was standard in the Greek world by the Archaic period. Herodotus, Histories (c. 430 BCE) SRC_HERODOTUS_HISTORIES reviewed Archaic Period PER_GRK_ARCHAIC
1733 Zeus ENT_ZEUS parent_of Heracles ENT_HERACLES high Pseudo-Apollodorus Library 2.4.8: Zeus and Alcmene parents of Heracles. Pseudo-Apollodorus, Library (Bibliotheca) (1st-2nd century CE); trans. Robin Hard (Oxford World's Classics, OUP 2008) SRC_APOLLODORUS_LIBRARY approved  
2332 Vahagn ENT_ARM_VAHAGN syncretized_with Heracles ENT_HERACLES high Agathangelos §22 explicitly equates Vahagn with Heracles at his Ashtishat temple: "Vahagn, who is called Heracles among the Greeks." The equation reflects shared dragon-slaying/monster-fighting function, exceptional strength, and the paradigmatic warrior role. Khorenatsi I.31 (the birth hymn) presents Vahagn's primal fire-birth as a hero of cosmic scope, consistent with the Heracles equation. Agathangelos, History of the Armenians (Patmut'iwn Hayots'), 5th c. CE; trans. Robert W. Thomson (State University of New York Press, Albany NY, 1976) SRC_AGATHANGELOS_HISTORY reviewed Pre-Christian Armenian PER_ARM_PAGAN
3461 Ogmios ENT_CEL_OGMIOS syncretized_with Heracles ENT_HERACLES high Depicted by Lucian as a Gaulish Heracles of eloquence. Miranda Green, Dictionary of Celtic Myth and Legend SRC_GREEN_CELTIC_GODS reviewed  
3815 Thor ENT_NOR_THOR equated_with Heracles ENT_HERACLES high Interpretatio romana: Tacitus (Germania 9) names "Hercules" among the Germanic gods, read by scholars as Thor/Donar on the basis of strength and the club/hammer champion-motif. Tacitus, Germania (De origine et situ Germanorum), c. 98 CE SRC_TACITUS_GERMANIA reviewed  
6001 Melqart ENT_PHO_MELQART equated_with Heracles ENT_HERACLES high Melqart of Tyre was identified with Heracles throughout the Greco-Roman world (Herodotus 2.44, the 'Tyrian Heracles'). Herodotus, Histories (c. 430 BCE) SRC_HERODOTUS_HISTORIES reviewed  
7266 Santas (Sandon) ENT_LYD_SANTAS equated_with Heracles ENT_HERACLES high Greeks interpreted the club-bearing Lydian Santas/Sandon as Heracles, grounding the Heraclid dynasty of Sardis (interpretatio Graeca; Munn 2006). Munn, Mark. The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion (University of California Press, 2006) SRC_MUNN_MOTHER_GODS reviewed  
7286 Kakasbos ENT_LYC_KAKASBOS equated_with Heracles ENT_HERACLES high The club-bearing rider-god Kakasbos was assimilated to Heracles in Roman-era Lycia and Pisidia. Bryce, Trevor R. The Lycians: A Study of Lycian History and Civilisation to the Conquest of Macedonia (Vol. 1, The Lycians in Literary and Epigraphic Sources) SRC_BRYCE_LYCIANS reviewed  
7313 Artagnes-Heracles-Ares ENT_COMM_ARTAGNES_HERACLES_ARES equated_with Heracles ENT_HERACLES high Ancient interpretatio: the composite theonym explicitly identifies the Commagenian warrior god with Greek Heracles. Versluys, M.J. — Visual Style and Constructing Identity in the Hellenistic World: Nemrud Dag and Commagene under Antiochos I (Cambridge, 2017) SRC_VERSLUYS_COMMAGENE reviewed  
7443 Hercules Magusanus ENT_CGE_HERCULES_MAGUSANUS equated_with Heracles ENT_HERACLES high Hercules Magusanus is an interpretatio Romana that explicitly equates a native Germanic hero-god with the Greco-Roman Heracles/Hercules. Rudolf Simek, Dictionary of Northern Mythology (trans. A. Hall, D. S. Brewer, 1993) SRC_SIMEK_NORTHERN reviewed  

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CREATE TABLE "entity_relationships" (
   [relationship_id] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
   [subject_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [relationship_type] TEXT REFERENCES [relationship_types]([relationship_type]),
   [object_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT REFERENCES [sources]([source_id]),
   [review_status] TEXT,
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_period_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_source_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([source_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_object_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([object_entity_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_relationship_type]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([relationship_type]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_subject_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([subject_entity_id]);