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Relationships

2,079 typed, source-backed relationships between entities. Each row records a directed relationship (subject → type → object) with a justifying source and rationale note. See relationship_types for the full controlled vocabulary of 70 relationship types. Key types: reception_of / received_as (transmission across traditions), equated_with (interpretatio graeca / analogues), parent_of (genealogy), member_of (collective membership), emanates_from (Gnostic/Neoplatonic structure).

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

subject_entity_id
{'description': 'The entity initiating or holding the relationship'}
relationship_type
{'description': 'Typed relationship from the controlled vocabulary (see relationship_types table)'}
object_entity_id
{'description': 'The entity receiving or targeted by the relationship'}
confidence
{'description': 'high / medium / low / speculative'}
rationale
{'description': 'Scholarly justification for the relationship, with source citations'}
source_id
{'description': 'Primary source justifying this relationship'}
period_id
{'description': 'Historical period in which this relationship is attested (null = all periods)'}

28 rows where object_entity_id = "ENT_HERMES"

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Suggested facets: subject_entity_id, relationship_type, confidence, source_id, review_status, period_id

relationship_id ▼ subject_entity_id relationship_type object_entity_id confidence rationale source_id review_status period_id
5 Zeus ENT_ZEUS parent_of Hermes ENT_HERMES high Hermes is son of Zeus. Theoi Project: Zeus SRC_THEOI_ZEUS reviewed  
19 Hermanubis ENT_SYN_HERMANUBIS syncretized_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Hermanubis fuses Hermes with Anubis. Richard H. Wilkinson, The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt SRC_WILKINSON_EGYPTIAN_GODS reviewed  
26 Hermes Chthonios ENT_HERMES_CHTHONIOS_CULT cult_form_of Hermes ENT_HERMES high Hermes Chthonios is a chthonic/psychopompic form of Hermes. Theoi Project: Hermes Chthonios SRC_THEOI_HERMES_CHTHONIOS reviewed  
790 Mercury ENT_ROM_MERCURY identified_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Mercury is the Roman counterpart of Hermes. Oxford Classical Dictionary, Roman Religion entries SRC_ROMAN_OCD reviewed  
1329 Hermes Trismegistus ENT_HER_TRISMEGISTUS syncretized_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Hermes Trismegistus is the Hellenistic synthesis of Greek Hermes. Corpus Hermeticum SRC_CORPUS_HERMETICUM reviewed  
1342 Hermes Trismegistus ENT_HER_TRISMEGISTUS reception_of Hermes ENT_HERMES high Hermes Trismegistus is the Hermetic reception of Greek Hermes. Corpus Hermeticum SRC_CORPUS_HERMETICUM reviewed Hermetic Hellenistic Period PER_HER_HELLENISTIC
1463 Hermanubis ENT_SYN_HERMANUBIS reception_of Hermes ENT_HERMES high Hermanubis as Greco-Egyptian reception of Hermes in his psychopomp function; fused with Anubis in the shared role of guide of souls of the dead. Plutarch, On Isis and Osiris (De Iside et Osiride, c. 100–120 CE) SRC_PLUTARCH_ISIS_OSIRIS reviewed Hellenistic Period PER_GRK_HELLENISTIC
1500 Nabu ENT_MES_NABU aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES medium Functional/typological cognate (no attested diffusion of the Mesopotamian deity into the later cult); per Burkert/West the real transmission, where any, runs through Hurrian-Hittite intermediaries. Walter Burkert, The Orientalizing Revolution: Near Eastern Influence on Greek Culture in the Early Archaic Age (Harvard University Press, 1992) SRC_BURKERT_ORIENT_REV reviewed Archaic Period PER_GRK_ARCHAIC
2016 Maia ENT_MAIA parent_of Hermes ENT_HERMES high Hesiod Theogony 938-939: Maia, daughter of Atlas, bore to Zeus glorious Hermes. Hesiod, Theogony and Works and Days SRC_HESIOD_THEOGONY approved  
2019 Cyllene ENT_CYLLENE paired_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Homeric Hymn 4 (To Hermes) 2: Hermes was born "in a cave on Mount Cyllene"; the mountain nymph Kyllene is associated with his birth. Homeric Hymns (7th-5th century BCE); trans. M.L. West, Homeric Hymns (Loeb Classical Library 496, Harvard 2003) SRC_HOMERIC_HYMNS approved  
2336 Tir ENT_ARM_TIR syncretized_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Agathangelos §22 explicitly equates Tir with Hermes: "Tir, who is called Hermes by the Greeks... the scribe of Aramazd, interpreter of dreams and teacher of the arts of writing." The equation reflects shared domains: writing, commerce, messenger/scribe function, psychopomp role (recording souls' deeds), and divine interpreter. The most explicit deity-to-deity equation in Agathangelos after Aramazd=Zeus. Agathangelos, History of the Armenians (Patmut'iwn Hayots'), 5th c. CE; trans. Robert W. Thomson (State University of New York Press, Albany NY, 1976) SRC_AGATHANGELOS_HISTORY reviewed Pre-Christian Armenian PER_ARM_PAGAN
2466 Carmenta ENT_ITA_CARMENTA aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES medium Ovid (Fasti 1.469-474) and Livy (AUC 1.7.8) make Carmenta/Carmentis the mother of Evander, with Mercury/Hermes as Evander's father. This makes Carmenta the consort of Hermes in the Latin tradition of the Arcadian migration to Italy, linking the Italian prophetess-goddess directly to the Greek god of speech, prophecy, and transmission — an appropriate pairing for a deity of prophetic carmen (song/speech). The alignment is structural: Carmenta presides over prophetic speech (carmen) in the Latin sphere as Hermes presides over communication and divine messages in the Greek sphere. Ovid Fasti 1.469-474. Ovid, Fasti SRC_OVID_FASTI reviewed Archaic Italic (c. 900–509 BCE) PER_ITA_ARCHAIC
3476 Turms ENT_ETR_TURMS syncretized_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high The Etruscan Hermes. De Grummond, Nancy Thomson. Etruscan Myth, Sacred History, and Legend (University of Pennsylvania Museum, 2006) SRC_DEGRUMMOND_ETRUSCAN reviewed  
3640 Sakon ENT_PHO_SAKON aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES low Sakon, an obscure deity tentatively equated with Hermes. Philo of Byblos, Phoenician History (Sanchuniathon), via Eusebius, Praeparatio Evangelica 1.9-10 SRC_PHILO_BYBLOS reviewed  
3820 Odin ENT_NOR_ODIN aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES medium Modern functional parallel: Odin and Hermes as wandering psychopomps, gods of eloquence and hidden knowledge (Davidson; Simek). Layered on the firmer Mercury interpretatio. Rudolf Simek, Dictionary of Northern Mythology (trans. A. Hall, D. S. Brewer, 1993) SRC_SIMEK_NORTHERN reviewed  
4239 Spirit of Mercury (Utarid) ENT_AST_MERCURY_SPIRIT aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES medium The Picatrix Mercury spirit is the astral-magic functional cognate of the Greek Hermes. Picatrix (Ghayat al-Hakim), trans. Greer & Warnock; ed. Pingree SRC_PICATRIX reviewed  
4303 al-Kutbaʾ ENT_NAB_AL_KUTBA aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Nabataean scribe-and-commerce god, counterpart of Hermes/Nabu. John F. Healey, The Religion of the Nabataeans: A Conspectus (Leiden: Brill, 2001) SRC_HEALEY_NABATAEAN_RELIGION reviewed  
4451 Monimos ENT_ARA_MONIMOS aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Julian (Hymn to King Helios) equates Monimos of Edessa with Hermes. Edward Lipiński, The Aramaeans: Their Ancient History, Culture, Religion (Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 100; Peeters, Leuven, 2000) SRC_LIPINSKI_ARAMEANS reviewed  
4881 Ophiel ENT_REN_OPHIEL aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES medium Ophiel is the Olympic Spirit of Mercury (Greek Hermes). Arbatel de magia veterum (Basel, 1575) — the seven Olympic Spirits SRC_ARBATEL reviewed  
4917 Taphthartharath ENT_REN_TAPHTHARTHARATH aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES medium Taphthartharath embodies the raw force of Mercury (Greek Hermes). Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, De occulta philosophia libri tres (1533) — incl. the Scale of Seven (Bk II.10) SRC_AGRIPPA_OCCULTA reviewed  
4921 Tiriel ENT_REN_TIRIEL aligned_with Hermes ENT_HERMES medium Tiriel governs Mercury, whose Greek planetary deity is Hermes. Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa, De occulta philosophia libri tres (1533) — incl. the Scale of Seven (Bk II.10) SRC_AGRIPPA_OCCULTA reviewed  
6014 Turms ENT_ETR_TURMS equated_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Turms is the Etruscan Hermes/Mercury (messenger and psychopomp); the ancient-interpretatio equated_with form. De Grummond, Nancy Thomson. Etruscan Myth, Sacred History, and Legend (University of Pennsylvania Museum, 2006) SRC_DEGRUMMOND_ETRUSCAN reviewed  
6410 WitchTok / Online Neopagan Devotion ENT_VF_WITCHTOK reception_of Hermes ENT_HERMES medium Hermes has an active WitchTok following (luck, communication, travel); contemporary devotional reception. Tara Isabella Burton, Strange Rites: New Religions for a Godless World (2020) SRC_BURTON_STRANGE_RITES reviewed  
6650 Hermes-Nabu (Mercury) of Harran ENT_HRN_HERMES_MERCURY equated_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high The Harranian Mercury-deity is identified with Greek Hermes (interpretatio; Green). Tamara M. Green, The City of the Moon God: Religious Traditions of Harran SRC_GREEN_MOON_GOD reviewed  
7271 Kandaules ENT_LYD_KANDAULES equated_with Hermes ENT_HERMES medium Hipponax reports Kandaules ('dog-throttler') as a Lydian title of Hermes, a guardian/psychopomp figure. Munn, Mark. The Mother of the Gods, Athens, and the Tyranny of Asia: A Study of Sovereignty in Ancient Religion (University of California Press, 2006) SRC_MUNN_MOTHER_GODS reviewed  
7311 Apollo-Mithras-Helios-Hermes ENT_COMM_APOLLO_MITHRAS_HELIOS_HERMES equated_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Ancient interpretatio: the Hermes element of the composite theonym identifies the god with the Greek messenger god. Versluys, M.J. — Visual Style and Constructing Identity in the Hellenistic World: Nemrud Dag and Commagene under Antiochos I (Cambridge, 2017) SRC_VERSLUYS_COMMAGENE reviewed  
7390 Kadmilos (Kasmilos) ENT_MYST_KADMILOS equated_with Hermes ENT_HERMES medium Ancient scholia identify the Samothracian Kadmilos/Kasmilos with Hermes. Susan Guettel Cole, Theoi Megaloi: The Cult of the Great Gods at Samothrace (EPRO 96, Brill, 1984) SRC_COLE_THEOI_MEGALOI reviewed  
8039 Thoth ENT_EGY_THOTH equated_with Hermes ENT_HERMES high Ancient equation, in Cicero's enumeration of the several Mercurii (= Greek Hermes): "A fifth, whom we call, in their language, Thoth, as with them the first month of the year is called, is he whom the people of Pheneum worship, and who is said to have killed Argus, to have fled for it into Egypt, and to have given laws and learning to the Egyptians." (De Natura Deorum 3.56; trans. Yonge, PG #14988, verified verbatim 2026-07-01, bracketed footnote number stripped). Cf. the Thoth->Hermes Trismegistus chain already in the DB. Encoded equated_with per policy. [v2.1.60] Cicero, De Natura Deorum (45 BCE) SRC_CICERO_DE_NATURA needs_review Hellenistic Period PER_GRK_HELLENISTIC

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CREATE TABLE "entity_relationships" (
   [relationship_id] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
   [subject_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [relationship_type] TEXT REFERENCES [relationship_types]([relationship_type]),
   [object_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT REFERENCES [sources]([source_id]),
   [review_status] TEXT,
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_period_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_source_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([source_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_object_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([object_entity_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_relationship_type]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([relationship_type]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_subject_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([subject_entity_id]);
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