sources: SRC_LIPINSKI_ARAMEANS

The sources grounding every entity classification and relationship in the database (live count on the home page and in v_release_metrics). Primary texts include the Pyramid Texts (c. 2375 BCE), Homer, Hesiod, Herodotus, the Masoretic Text, Nag Hammadi corpus, Avesta, Ginza Rba, the Chaldean Oracles, the Corpus Hermeticum, Quran, and more. Secondary scholarship covers standard academic monographs for each tradition.

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source_id title url source_type scope
SRC_LIPINSKI_ARAMEANS Edward Lipiński, The Aramaeans: Their Ancient History, Culture, Religion (Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta 100; Peeters, Leuven, 2000)   secondary scholarship The comprehensive scholarly reference on Aramean history, culture, and religion covering the period from the emergence of the Arameans in the late Bronze Age collapse (c. 1200 BCE) through the Hellenistic and Roman periods. Chapter 22 ("The Religion of the Aramaeans") surveys the Aramean pantheon systematically: Hadad as the chief storm deity of Damascus (attested in the Zakkur stele, c. 800 BCE; the Tel Dan stele of Hazael, c. 840 BCE; the Ben-Hadad stele; and Assyrian records of the Damascene kingdom); Baalshamin ("Lord of Heaven") as the pan-Semitic sky deity attested across Syria, Phoenicia, and Arabia in Iron Age and Hellenistic inscriptions; Atargatis as the Aramean form of the great goddess tradition. Lipiński provides the epigraphic corpus for Aramean divine names, analyses the inscriptions from Zinjirli (Sam'al), Hamath, and Arpad, and covers the Palmyrene continuation of Aramean religious traditions. Primary scholarly citation for all three Aramean entities.

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