deitydb: entity_relationships: 21 rows where period_id = "PER_ISL

2,079 typed, source-backed relationships between entities. Each row records a directed relationship (subject → type → object) with a justifying source and rationale note. See relationship_types for the full controlled vocabulary of 70 relationship types. Key types: reception_of / received_as (transmission across traditions), equated_with (interpretatio graeca / analogues), parent_of (genealogy), member_of (collective membership), emanates_from (Gnostic/Neoplatonic structure).

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

subject_entity_id: {'description': 'The entity initiating or holding the relationship'}
relationship_type: {'description': 'Typed relationship from the controlled vocabulary (see relationship_types table)'}
object_entity_id: {'description': 'The entity receiving or targeted by the relationship'}
confidence: {'description': 'high / medium / low / speculative'}
rationale: {'description': 'Scholarly justification for the relationship, with source citations'}
source_id: {'description': 'Primary source justifying this relationship'}
period_id: {'description': 'Historical period in which this relationship is attested (null = all periods)'}

21 rows where period_id = "PER_ISL_EARLY"

descending

✎ View and edit SQL

This data as json, CSV (advanced)

relationship_id ▼	subject_entity_id	relationship_type	object_entity_id	confidence	rationale	source_id	review_status	period_id
1418	Gabriel ENT_ISR_GABRIEL	received_as	Jibril ENT_ISL_JIBRIL	high	Gabriel (Hebrew Gavriel, "man of God") is received in Islam as Jibril, the angel who revealed the Quran to Muhammad (Quran 2:97-98: "Say, Whoever is an enemy to Gabriel — it is he who has brought the Quran down upon your heart by permission of Allah"). Same angel, same role (divine revelation), same name (cognate). The most direct angelological transmission from Israelite/Second Temple Judaism into Islam.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1419	Jibril ENT_ISL_JIBRIL	reception_of	Gabriel ENT_ISR_GABRIEL	high	Jibril as Islamic reception of the Israelite/Second Temple angel Gabriel; same role (divine messenger and revealer), same name (cognate), explicitly named in Quran 2:97-98.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1420	Michael ENT_ISR_MICHAEL	received_as	Mikail ENT_ISL_MIKAIL	high	Michael (Hebrew Mikha'el, "who is like God?") is received in Islam as Mikail, named alongside Jibril in Quran 2:98: "Whoever is an enemy to Allah and His angels and His messengers and Gabriel and Michael — then indeed, Allah is an enemy to the disbelievers." Same archangel, directly named in the Quran.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1421	Mikail ENT_ISL_MIKAIL	reception_of	Michael ENT_ISR_MICHAEL	high	Mikail as Islamic reception of the archangel Michael; same name (cognate), directly named in Quran 2:98.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1422	Satan ENT_ISR_SATAN	received_as	Iblis ENT_ISL_IBLIS	high	The Islamic Iblis (Quran 2:34, 7:11-18, 18:50, 38:71-85) is the direct reception of the Hebrew/Christian Satan: he is the cosmic adversary who refuses God's command, is expelled from the divine realm, and dedicates himself to leading humanity astray until the Day of Judgment. The Arabic name Shaytan (used interchangeably with Iblis: "And We said to the angels, 'Bow to Adam,' and they bowed, except for Iblis. He was of the jinn and departed from the command of his Lord" — 18:50) derives from the same Semitic root as Hebrew satan (adversary). The functional role, cosmic narrative, and linguistic trace are all continuous.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1423	Iblis ENT_ISL_IBLIS	reception_of	Satan ENT_ISR_SATAN	high	Iblis as Islamic reception of the Hebrew/Christian Satan; same function (cosmic adversary, tempter of humanity), name Shaytan cognate with Hebrew satan, same narrative structure (expelled from divine presence for pride/disobedience).	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1424	Azazel ENT_ISR_AZAZEL	received_as	Iblis ENT_ISL_IBLIS	medium	Islamic tafsir tradition identifies Iblis's pre-fall name as "Azazil" — directly cognate with the Hebrew Azazel (Leviticus 16:8-10, the scapegoat demon of the wilderness). The identification appears in major commentators including al-Tabari and Ibn Kathir, who record that Iblis was called Azazil before he refused to bow to Adam. The Azazel→Iblis chain transmits the wilderness demon / expelled divine being tradition rather than the Satanic accuser tradition; both converge in the Quranic Iblis figure.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1425	Iblis ENT_ISL_IBLIS	reception_of	Azazel ENT_ISR_AZAZEL	medium	Iblis's pre-fall name Azazil (recorded in Tabari, Ibn Kathir) is cognate with Hebrew Azazel; the expelled wilderness demon tradition converges with the Satanic adversary tradition in the Quranic Iblis.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1426	Watchers ENT_ISR_WATCHERS	received_as	Harut ENT_ISL_HARUT	medium	Quran 2:102 describes Harut and Marut as two angels in Babylon who taught magic to humans, warning them it was a trial. Scholars including Geiger (1833) and Sidersky (1933) connect Harut and Marut to the Watcher tradition of 1 Enoch 6-11: divine beings who descend, transmit forbidden knowledge (sorcery, weaponry, cosmetics) to humanity, and whose activity constitutes a cosmic sin. The Babylonian setting of Quran 2:102 parallels the Apkallu tradition. Confidence medium: the Quran does not explicitly call them fallen angels, and the connection to the Watchers is scholarly reconstruction.	Hadith general reference layer SRC_HADITH_GENERAL	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1427	Harut ENT_ISL_HARUT	reception_of	Watchers ENT_ISR_WATCHERS	medium	Harut as Islamic reception of the Watcher tradition; angel in Babylon who teaches forbidden magic parallels 1 Enoch's Watchers who descend to teach forbidden arts.	Hadith general reference layer SRC_HADITH_GENERAL	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1428	Watchers ENT_ISR_WATCHERS	received_as	Marut ENT_ISL_MARUT	medium	Marut (paired with Harut in Quran 2:102) as the second angel in the Babylonian forbidden-knowledge tradition; same Watcher-parallel rationale as Harut. The pair corresponds to the collective of descending Watchers rather than any individual Watcher.	Hadith general reference layer SRC_HADITH_GENERAL	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1429	Marut ENT_ISL_MARUT	reception_of	Watchers ENT_ISR_WATCHERS	medium	Marut as Islamic reception of the Watcher tradition; Quran 2:102 pair Harut-Marut mirrors the descending divine beings who teach forbidden knowledge in 1 Enoch.	Hadith general reference layer SRC_HADITH_GENERAL	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1430	Antichrist ENT_CHR_ANTICHRIST	received_as	Dajjal ENT_ISL_DAJJAL	medium	The Dajjal (al-Masih al-Dajjal, "the Deceiving Messiah") is the Islamic false messiah who appears before the Last Day, and is the direct Islamic reception of the Christian Antichrist tradition. Jewish and Christian apocalyptic texts (including the Book of Revelation, Syriac Christian apocalypses, and rabbinic traditions about Armilus) circulated in 7th-century Arabia; hadith traditions about the Dajjal show clear structural and narrative parallels including: one-eyed deceiver, claims divine status, defeated by Jesus (Isa) at the Second Coming. The Dajjal concept entered Islam through these Jewish-Christian apocalyptic contact traditions.	Hadith general reference layer SRC_HADITH_GENERAL	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1431	Dajjal ENT_ISL_DAJJAL	reception_of	Antichrist ENT_CHR_ANTICHRIST	medium	Dajjal as Islamic reception of the Christian Antichrist tradition; same eschatological function (false messiah, deceiver, defeated at the end of history), transmitted through Jewish-Christian apocalyptic traditions circulating in 7th-century Arabia.	Hadith general reference layer SRC_HADITH_GENERAL	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1432	Angel of Death ENT_ISR_ANGEL_OF_DEATH	received_as	Azrail ENT_ISL_AZRAIL	medium	The Islamic angel Azrail (Izra'il, the Angel of Death) is the named reception of the Israelite/Jewish Angel of Death tradition. The name Azrael appears in post-Talmudic Jewish literature; the Quran refers to "the angel of death appointed over you" (32:11) without naming him; the name Azrail becomes standard in Islamic theological and hadith tradition. The functional role (taking souls at death) is continuous from the Israelite Angel of Death through Talmudic tradition to the Islamic Azrail.	Hadith general reference layer SRC_HADITH_GENERAL	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1433	Azrail ENT_ISL_AZRAIL	reception_of	Angel of Death ENT_ISR_ANGEL_OF_DEATH	medium	Azrail as Islamic reception of the Israelite/Jewish Angel of Death; name cognate with Jewish Azrael; same function (receiving human souls at death); Quran 32:11 attests the role, hadith traditions supply the name.	Hadith general reference layer SRC_HADITH_GENERAL	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1434	Enoch ENT_ENOCH	received_as	Idris ENT_ISL_IDRIS	high	Islamic exegetical tradition universally identifies the Quranic prophet Idris (19:56-57, 21:85) with the biblical Enoch. Ibn Abbas, Ibn Ishaq, al-Tabari, and virtually all classical commentators make this identification: both are antediluvian patriarchs taken alive to heaven ("We raised him to a high station" = Enoch "walked with God, and he was not, for God took him" — Genesis 5:24). The raising alive, the antediluvian timeframe, the status as a prophet/patriarch, and the association with wisdom and writing are all shared. Highest confidence of any chain in this script.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1435	Idris ENT_ISL_IDRIS	reception_of	Enoch ENT_ENOCH	high	Idris as Islamic reception of the biblical Enoch; universally identified in Islamic commentary; both antediluvian patriarchs taken to heaven alive, both associated with wisdom and writing.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1653	Musa (Moses) ENT_ISL_MUSA	reception_of	Moses ENT_ISR_MOSES	high	The Quranic Musa is an explicit reception of the Hebrew Moses: the burning bush, the staff, the parting of the sea, the tablets — all appear in the Quran (7:103-162; 20:9-98; 28:29-43) with Islamic theological reframing. Musa is the most frequently mentioned prophet in the Quran (136 times); he functions as the paradigmatic prophet whose community failed, structuring Islamic self-understanding. The reception is direct and textually explicit, not mediated through Greek or other traditions.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
1654	Ilyas (Elijah) ENT_ISL_ILYAS	reception_of	Elijah ENT_ISR_ELIJAH	high	The Quranic Ilyas is an explicit reception of the Hebrew Elijah: the confrontation with Baal-worshippers (Quran 37:123-132) maps directly onto 1 Kings 18. The name Ilyas is a direct Arabic adaptation of the Hebrew Eliyyahu. The Quranic account is briefer than the Hebrew Bible narrative but the identification is unambiguous.	Qur’an SRC_QURAN	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY
2517	Hasan al-Basri ENT_SUF_HASAN_BASRI	teaches	Dhikr ENT_SUF_DHIKR	medium	Hasan al-Basri's asceticism centred on remembrance and self-watchfulness.	Ali ibn Uthman al-Hujwiri, Kashf al-Mahjub ("The Unveiling of the Hidden"), c. 1075 CE (trans. R. A. Nicholson) SRC_HUJWIRI_KASHF	reviewed	Early Islam PER_ISL_EARLY

Advanced export

JSON shape: default, array, newline-delimited, object

CREATE TABLE "entity_relationships" (
   [relationship_id] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
   [subject_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [relationship_type] TEXT REFERENCES [relationship_types]([relationship_type]),
   [object_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT REFERENCES [sources]([source_id]),
   [review_status] TEXT,
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_period_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_source_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([source_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_object_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([object_entity_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_relationship_type]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([relationship_type]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_subject_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([subject_entity_id]);

Relationships

21 rows where period_id = "PER_ISL_EARLY"

Advanced export