Relationships

2,079 typed, source-backed relationships between entities. Each row records a directed relationship (subject → type → object) with a justifying source and rationale note. See relationship_types for the full controlled vocabulary of 70 relationship types. Key types: reception_of / received_as (transmission across traditions), equated_with (interpretatio graeca / analogues), parent_of (genealogy), member_of (collective membership), emanates_from (Gnostic/Neoplatonic structure).

Data license: MIT · Data source: jebboone/deitydb

subject_entity_id
{'description': 'The entity initiating or holding the relationship'}
relationship_type
{'description': 'Typed relationship from the controlled vocabulary (see relationship_types table)'}
object_entity_id
{'description': 'The entity receiving or targeted by the relationship'}
confidence
{'description': 'high / medium / low / speculative'}
rationale
{'description': 'Scholarly justification for the relationship, with source citations'}
source_id
{'description': 'Primary source justifying this relationship'}
period_id
{'description': 'Historical period in which this relationship is attested (null = all periods)'}

13 rows where object_entity_id = "ENT_ROM_MARS"

✎ View and edit SQL

This data as json, CSV (advanced)

Suggested facets: subject_entity_id, relationship_type, confidence, source_id, review_status

relationship_id ▼ subject_entity_id relationship_type object_entity_id confidence rationale source_id review_status period_id
1778 Teutates ENT_CEL_TEUTATES aligned_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS medium The Bern scholia give contradictory interpretationes (Teutates = Mercury OR Mars); the equation is disputed. Lucan, Bellum Civile (Pharsalia) (c. 60–65 CE) SRC_LUCAN_BELLUM_CIVILE approved  
2124 Quirinus ENT_ROM_QUIRINUS paired_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS high In the Archaic Roman triad (Iuppiter, Mars, Quirinus), Quirinus and Mars represent complementary aspects of the armed Roman citizen: Mars covers war and the soldier, Quirinus the civic identity of the Quirites at peace. Dumézil, La Religion romaine archaïque; SRC_LIVY_AUC. Livy, Ab Urbe Condita (Books 1–10, 21–45; c. 27 BCE – 9 CE) SRC_LIVY_AUC approved  
2126 Quirinus ENT_ROM_QUIRINUS reception_of Mars ENT_ROM_MARS medium Ovid Fasti 2.475-512 and Livy 1.16: Romulus was identified with Quirinus after his deification; some Roman scholars also identified Quirinus with Mars as the two patron war-gods of the city, though this is contested. Ovid, Fasti SRC_OVID_FASTI approved  
2374 Bandua ENT_IB_BANDUA aligned_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS medium The interpretatio romana inscriptions pairing Bandua with Mars are the primary evidence for Bandua's function. While not an explicit equation (Bandua's theonym is always preserved alongside Mars, not replaced by him), the pairing reflects the Roman provincial worshippers' perception that Bandua's domain overlapped with Mars's protective and military functions. Blázquez (1962) p. 73. José María Blázquez, Religiones primitivas de Hispania, Vol. I: Fuentes literarias y epigráficas (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, 1962; 2nd ed. 1983) SRC_BLÁZQUEZ_RELIGIONES reviewed Pre-Roman and Roman-period Hispanian Indigenous Religion PER_IB_IRON_AGE
2462 Picus ENT_ITA_PICUS aligned_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS medium The Picus Martius (woodpecker of Mars) is the specifically sacred bird of Mars in Roman augury. Ovid (Fasti 3.37-54) makes this connection explicit: the woodpecker is Mars's sacred bird because of its pecking/hammering action (associated with the war god's energy) and because the woodpecker Picus shares Mars's prophetic augural role. Pliny (NH 10.20) notes that Roman augury treated the woodpecker's behavior as directly communicating divine will. The identification of Picus the deity with Picus the bird of Mars suggests that the deity Picus may originally have been the personification or hypostasis of Mars's augural bird — i.e., Picus is the divine patron of the woodpecker's augural speech. Confidence medium: the connection is functional/cultic rather than a narrative identification. Ovid, Fasti SRC_OVID_FASTI reviewed Archaic Italic (c. 900–509 BCE) PER_ITA_ARCHAIC
2912 Bellona ENT_ROM_BELLONA aligned_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS high Bellona is the war-goddess companion of Mars. Livy, Ab Urbe Condita (Books 1–10, 21–45; c. 27 BCE – 9 CE) SRC_LIVY_AUC reviewed  
2915 Virtus ENT_ROM_VIRTUS aligned_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS medium Virtus, martial valour, is associated with Mars. Livy, Ab Urbe Condita (Books 1–10, 21–45; c. 27 BCE – 9 CE) SRC_LIVY_AUC reviewed  
3457 Camulos ENT_CEL_CAMULOS syncretized_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS high Worshipped as Mars Camulos. Miranda Green, Dictionary of Celtic Myth and Legend SRC_GREEN_CELTIC_GODS reviewed  
3458 Lenus ENT_CEL_LENUS syncretized_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS high Worshipped as Mars Lenus. R. G. Collingwood & R. P. Wright, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain (RIB) SRC_RIB reviewed  
3466 Nodens ENT_BRI_NODENS syncretized_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS high Worshipped as Mars Nodens at Lydney. R. G. Collingwood & R. P. Wright, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain (RIB) SRC_RIB reviewed  
3470 Cocidius ENT_BRI_COCIDIUS syncretized_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS high Worshipped as Mars Cocidius. R. G. Collingwood & R. P. Wright, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain (RIB) SRC_RIB reviewed  
3471 Belatucadros ENT_BRI_BELATUCADROS syncretized_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS high Worshipped as Mars Belatucadros. R. G. Collingwood & R. P. Wright, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain (RIB) SRC_RIB reviewed  
3814 Tyr ENT_NOR_TYR equated_with Mars ENT_ROM_MARS high Interpretatio romana: Tacitus (Germania 9) gives "Mars" for the war-god Tiwaz/Tyr; weekday calque dies Martis -> Tiwesdaeg (Tuesday). Tacitus, Germania (De origine et situ Germanorum), c. 98 CE SRC_TACITUS_GERMANIA reviewed  

Advanced export

JSON shape: default, array, newline-delimited, object

CSV options: 

CREATE TABLE "entity_relationships" (
   [relationship_id] INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
   [subject_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [relationship_type] TEXT REFERENCES [relationship_types]([relationship_type]),
   [object_entity_id] TEXT REFERENCES [entities]([entity_id]),
   [confidence] TEXT,
   [rationale] TEXT,
   [source_id] TEXT REFERENCES [sources]([source_id]),
   [review_status] TEXT,
   [period_id] TEXT REFERENCES [periods]([period_id])
);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_period_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([period_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_source_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([source_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_object_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([object_entity_id]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_relationship_type]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([relationship_type]);
CREATE INDEX [idx_entity_relationships_subject_entity_id]
    ON [entity_relationships] ([subject_entity_id]);